In the post, he wrote that one of his supplier stated: “Our company has been in business for almost 30 years and we have never seen such drastic price changes across the board in such a short amount of time.”

In the post’s comments, a pipefitter noted that supplier Nibco said valve prices would go up by 40%. Other contractors wrote that customers were canceling projects and pushing back start dates because of the tariffs on steel and other materials, including wood, drywall and more.

“As someone who works on a daily basis with homeowners on kitchen and bath renovations, I can confirm that suppliers are already priming us for price adjustments coming in May,” says interior designer Alecia Taylor. “It’s not just high-end shower units or faucets that are being targeted; even basic plumbing fixtures and components are being affected.”

Master plumber and business owner Aaron Adams says he has been getting many questions from his customers about how the tariffs are impacting steel and other materials prices. “We have already received our first notices of price increases, and we’re confident that many more are coming,” he says. “While we’ll do our best to absorb as much of this cost as possible, at some point, our price will need to increase as well.”

The additional tariffs on steel, which are being put in place by the current Presidential administration, are impacting plumbing primarily because the U.S. gets much of its steel from Canada, Mexico and Brazil. Delta, Kohler and Nibco did not respond to Family Handyman’s request for comment, but numerous contractors verified the price hikes.

Plumbing distributor heavyweight Ferguson Enterprises told Family Handyman that while they strive to maintain competitive pricing for customers and find alternative products, “As Ferguson receives price increase notifications from our manufacturer partners, we immediately implement those price increases,” communications director Carey VonOhlen wrote in an email. “Every business in our industry is impacted by the current, constantly evolving tariff landscape, resulting in volatile pricing that changes day by day and hour by hour.

While these hikes will affect everything from new commercial construction projects to school updates and maintenance, it is low and middle-income households who will likely feel the impacts the most acutely, says George Carrillo, CEO of the Hispanic Construction Council.

“Even modest increases on everyday fixtures, like Peerless shower heads, can stretch tight budgets,” he says. Carrillo also voiced concern about contractors and small construction firms facing significant hurdles as these rising costs cut into their already slim margins and limit their ability to plan effectively. “With global economic policies continuing to influence material costs, this development may signal a long-term shift in pricing across the home improvement industry,” he said.

Beyond raising the price of plumbing — and nearly every other construction and home-improvement material — the tariffs have also destabilized the construction industry as a whole, say many contractors.

“What’s more concerning is that many large-scale projects, especially new builds and multi-unit developments, are being paused or re-evaluated,” says Taylor. “The unpredictability is creating a ripple effect for contractors and designers.”

Small business lender Ben Johnston said this problem is unlikely to reverse anytime soon, if at all. “Given the magnitude of these new tariffs, there is no question that housing will be more expensive to build, maintain and improve for Americans in the coming months,” he says. “We can expect these tariffs to both spur inflation and lower overall consumption, slowing the economy.”

About the Experts

• George Carrillo is CEO of the Hispanic Construction Council (HCC).
• Alecia Taylor is an interior designer at CabinetNow.
• Carey VonOhlen is director of communications for Ferguson Enterprises.
• Aaron Adams is a master plumber and CEO of Aaron Services: Plumbing, Heating, Cooling in Suwanee, Georgia.
• Ben Johnston is COO of Kapitus, a small business lender and marketplace.

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The post Your Next Bathroom Upgrade Will Cost Way More—Here’s Why appeared first on Family Handyman.

As this new generation of homeowners continues to buy into the market, the housing industry may have to shift some long-held practices to accommodate these younger buyers. Here’s a look at what millennials care about most when buying a home and what the housing industry can do to meet their expectations.

Does Square Footage Still Matter?

Having the biggest house on the block has been a status symbol since, well, the invention of houses and neighborhoods. But while millennials still want big houses, size is not the be-all and end-all it once was.

According to recent data from the National Association of Home Builders, over fifty percent of millennial home buyers said they would prefer a smaller home with high-end amenities over a larger home with fewer amenities. Millennials also tend to prioritize convenience and location over home size, favoring shorter commutes over larger homes.

But that’s not to say that size does not matter at all to millennials when they’re looking to purchase a home. In fact, the NAHB notes that millennials are looking for a median of 2,408 square feet, which is the most interior space requested by any generation. Clearly, square footage is important— it’s just not the generation’s number one priority.

Are Homes Getting Bigger or Smaller?

So millennials prioritize high-quality amenities over square footage in a home—but are home builders responding to these trends? According to data from the U.S. Census Bureau, builders are starting to build smaller homes on average. From 2019 to 2022, the median home size was consistent at 2,300 square feet. From 2023 to 2024, the median home size dropped down to 2,150 square feet—the lowest in fifteen years.

“Buyers are willing to make compromises to find the best possible home for their families,” said NAHB Chairman Buddy Hughes. “Our nation’s builders are willing to meet buyers where they are and construct a high-quality home to meet their family’s needs.”

Sources:

• National Association of Home Builders, “Millenial Buyers Prefer Better, Not Bigger Homes” 2025
• National Association of Realtors, “Millennials Reclaim Position as Largest Group of Home Buyers” 2025

The post Downsizing the Dream: Why Millennials Are Opting for Smaller Homes appeared first on Family Handyman.

This year’s winners are as follows:

KBIS Winners

• Best in Show: ALADDIN by Effe Perfect Wellness
• Game-Changing Innovation – Gold: VIBE by LifeValet
• Game-Changing Innovation – Silver: CERAN Luminoir TFT by SCHOTT
• Style Statement: Kitchen – Gold: Vera Deluxe Workstation Kitchen Sink by TopZero
• Style Statement: Kitchen – Silver: Billet Kitchen Faucet Collection by Kohler
• Style Statement: Bath – Gold: James Martin Vanities x Cosentino x FreePower Collaboration
• Style Statement: Bath – Silver: Guise Collection by Kallista
• Sustainable Standout – Gold: Landshapes Tile by Kohler WasteLAB x Daniel Arsham
• Sustainable Standout – Silver: Le Chic Bohème by Silestone XM
• Wellness Trailblazer – Gold: Kohler x Remedy Place Ice Bath by Kohler
• Wellness Trailblazer – Silver: Hot/Cold Plunge Indoor Tub by EMPAVA
• Most Functional Find – Gold: SPACE STEP by Blum
• Most Functional Find – Silver: FurnSpin by Hettich

KBIS Highlights

Eco-friendly tile

Made of landfill-bound leftovers from Kohler manufacturing processes, Landshapes Tile by Kohler WasteLAB x Daniel Arsham is as innovative as it is beautiful. Constructed from 80 percent recycled materials and available in various colors, this indoor tile may just be the future of all tile production.

Streamlined home sauna

Luxury and simplicity combine in the ALADDIN personal sauna by Effe Perfect Wellness. This sauna’s sophisticated design and premium materials effortlessly enhances any living space. Notable highlights of the product include a curved-edge bench, floating heater wrapped in anodized aluminum and mirrored fascia for an elevated home sauna experience.

Seamless sink design

The Vera Deluxe Workstation Kitchen Sink by TopZero effortlessly combines beauty and functionality. Made from marine-grade stainless steel and finished with a physical vapor deposition coating, it offers exceptional durability and scratch resistance. Its award-winning stylish features include LED-in-basin lighting and a sleek, seamless design. The sink also boasts a multi-level frame for cutting, washing and drying accessories, a built-in drawer organizer, and three installation options.

Double-duty plunge tub

Experience the ultimate in contrast therapy with the Hot/Cold Plunge Indoor Tub by EMPAVA. Designed with side-by-side tubs—one for hot soaks and the other for cold plunges—this spa-quality unit offers an 18-inch soaking depth, a 41.73-inch basin length and powerful circulating jets.

Home ice bath

Ice baths are all the rage right now, and the forthcoming Kohler X Remedy Place Ice Bath would make a lovely addition for anyone interested in having their own wellness space at home. Ergonomically designed with a beautiful silhouette that would transform any bathroom into a spa, Kohler’s ice bath features an integrated water filtration system as well as a programmed user experience to create personalized sessions. No surprise why this was an award winner.  – Ryan Van Bibber, executive editor Family Handyman.

Elegant faucets

We’ve told readers for years that upgrading their faucets and fixtures is an easy way to add some design flair to a house, and I saw some incredible options for DIYers at the KBIS show. The Frank Loyd Wright collection from Brizo really captured my attention. The designs feature clean lines and a simple, function-driven focus that makes Wright’s work memorable. The products come in various finishes, but the wood trim is what really stands out. – Ryan Van Bibber

 Design-forward appliances

Another favorite from KBIS for me was the Cafe line of appliances from GE. The Cafe line has been around for a while now, but they’ve really doubled down on the idea that everyday kitchen appliances can effectively be a personal style choice. More than just something that sits in the kitchen, but appliances that truly define the space with a variety of colors and finishes that can turn a functional space like a kitchen into a true design statement. Among the products on display, I was really impressed with the Cafe Double Drawer Dishwasher. Incredibly convenient, it allows you to run small loads without having to power the entire dishwasher. Plus, it’d be great for entertaining, as you can run one drawer while waiting to load the other one. – Ryan Van Bibber

NHAB Winners

• Best in Show: Clopay VertiStack Avante garage door by Clopay Corporation
• Best Energy Efficient Product: Whole Home Electrification: SPAN Panel MLO 48 – SPAN
• Best Home Technology Product: Frontline Defense System 2 – Frontline Wildfire Defense
• Best Indoor Product: FRS200HT with 30-200 CFM Smart Sensing Supply Fan – Humidity and Temperature Control – Delta Electronics (Americas), Ltd.
• Best Kitchen and Bath Product: The Acrylic Haven Hammock – The Hammock Bath Company LLC
• Best Outdoor Product: ADORN Stone ECO2LUXE Powered by CaptureCrete – NCP Industries
• Best Window and Door Product: Clopay VertiStack Avante by Clopay Corporation
• Most Innovative Building Material: TYPAR Clear Acrylic Flashing – TYPAR
• Most Innovative Construction Tool (TIE): IQ Vise System – Work IQ Tools and ClearLOC – Legend Valve
• Best Business Solution Software Product: JobTread Software – JobTread Software

NHAB Highlights

Reimagined Garage Doors

I saw Clopay VertiStack Avante garage door in action at the show, and it was awesome. Instead of the door rolling up on tracks, the VertiStack Avante opens with sections that stack vertically above the door opening. Not only would it be great for someone who wants to maximize the overhead, but I could also see it as a door between the patio and house, combining your outdoor space with the interior into one giant living space during the warm weather months. – Ryan Van Bibber

Luxurious standalone tub

With its visually striking design, the Acrylic Haven Hammock by The Hammock Bath Company seamlessly blends style and modernity. Suspended in the air and supported by two steel end frames, this tub mimics the look of a real hammock. Crafted from molded acrylic, it offers a stain-resistant, low-maintenance finish, while its flat bottom makes it an ideal choice as a two-person soaker tub.

Forward-thinking electrical panel

Step into the future of home energy management with the SPAN Panel MLO 48. Designed to replace traditional circuit breaker panels, this advanced panel offers smart home integration and real-time energy monitoring. The MLO 48 is perfect for homes looking to optimize energy usage, integrate renewable energy sources like solar or incorporate energy storage systems such as home batteries.

Smart wildfire protection

At the core of the Frontline Defense System 2 is advanced fire detection software that monitors fire activity within a 7-mile radius of your home. Upon detecting a fire, the system automatically activates sprinkler systems to drench the home’s exterior with water and flame retardant. The companion app delivers real-time evacuation instructions and live updates, for truly smart wildfire protection.

Eco conscious construction materials

Powered by CaptureCrete technology, the ADORN Stone ECO2LUXE mortarless stone veneer actively captures and stores carbon from the atmosphere. This innovative material seamlessly combines environmental responsibility with a visually appealing, durable building solution, setting a new standard in sustainable construction.

Better screens for windows

As someone who’s repaired more than a few window screens over the years, I was really excited to see the new Integrated Rolscreen Windows from Pella. It’s a retractable screen that appears when you roll up the window and disappears when you close it, helping to prevent wear and tear as well as giving your exterior a more attractive look. Another highlight is just how tough the screen materials are on these windows. It seems like most screens get a big gash just from catching a fingernail on them, but Pella’s screen material can withstand the rigors of even the most aggressive pets. – Ryan Van Bibber 

Resilient building materials

I live in New Mexico, where wildfires are just a part of life now, so I was really impressed by LP’s FlameBlock fire-resistance OSB panels. In addition to that product, LP had a lot of resiliency-focused building materials on display at the show, including their WeatherLogic panels, which would be great if you’re building in an area where moisture and flooding are major concerns.  – Ryan Van Bibber 

The post The Most Exciting New Building, Kitchen and Bath Products of 2025 appeared first on Family Handyman.

Today, uncertainty is the main factor driving this upward trend in lumber prices. The lumber market is mostly reacting to the Trump administration’s rollout of tariffs on goods from Canada and Mexico, which has caused confusion on both sides of the border.

“Every day there’s a new interpretation of what Trump will do next,” Vancouver wood-market consultant Russ Taylor told the Wall Street Journal. “The whole lumber industry doesn’t know what to do. We want to know what the rules of the game are. It’s total chaos.”

According to recent reports, U.S.-based homebuilders have been stockpiling lumber in the wake of the tariff announcements and making plans to switch from foreign imports to American-grown wood. Due to a lack of domestic supply, the U.S. currently imports about 30 percent of the softwood lumber used in construction and home building.

Should You Build in 2025?

If you’re a homebuilding professional, you’ve likely got no choice but to keep building regardless of how high lumber prices climb. But if you’re a DIYer looking to plan a major project this summer, you can afford to be a little more discerning and ask yourself… is now the best time to build?

The answer ultimately depends on the scale of your project, its timeline, and the flexibility of your budget. Lumber suppliers buy their stock months in advance, so these recent price surges will not be reflected in lumber yard prices for at least a few months. Still, it’s important to keep in mind that the later we get into 2025, the higher the cost of lumber in stores will be.

If you’re planning a build that’s not too complicated and you have a bit of wiggle room in your budget, you can probably still attempt to tackle it in summer 2025. But if your schedule and budget are tight and you need a lot of lumber, it might be wise to wait and see how further attempts at tariffs continue to impact lumber prices over the next year.

Sources

• Wall Stree Journal, “Tariffs Send Lumber Prices to 30-Month High” (2025)
• MSN, “Builders Stockpile Lumber, Swap Out Materials to Work Around Tariffs” (2025)
• Trading Economics, “Lumber Futures” (2025)

The post Lumber Prices Are Skyrocketing Again — Here’s Why appeared first on Family Handyman.

What Are RENCO Bricks?

RENCO stands for “renewable composite.” The bricks are eco-friendly materials made from recycled fly ash, which is a byproduct of coal-burning power plants. Unlike traditional clay bricks, which require a lot of natural resources and energy to produce, RENCO bricks are made from materials that would usually just end up in a landfill. This helps reduce waste and conserve resources. Plus, they’re lighter, which makes transporting and handling them much easier, saving both time and money.

What Do RENCO Bricks Look Like?

If you’ve ever played with Legos, you’ll recognize the shape of RENCO bricks. They’re pretty similar to regular bricks in size, but their color is usually a lighter shade—think light gray, beige, or off-white. This gives them a sleek, modern look compared to traditional red or brown bricks, making them a great choice if you want to add a stylish touch to any project.

What About the Environmental Impact?

RENCO bricks are a huge win for the environment. Traditional clay bricks require extracting natural clay from the earth, which uses up a lot of water, energy, and releases carbon emissions. On the other hand, RENCO bricks help divert tons of waste—like fly ash—from landfills. They’re also produced with much less energy and generate fewer carbon emissions, so they’re a much greener option. Choosing sustainable materials like RENCO bricks is a simple way to make a positive impact on the planet while still building for the future.

What Are the Benefits of RENCO Bricks?

For starters, they’re incredibly durable. In fact, their compressive strength is on par with traditional clay bricks, making them perfect for both residential and industrial construction. Their lighter weight makes them easier to handle, which can cut down on labor costs and speed up the building process. Plus, they’re non-combustible, which means they’re a great fire-resistant option, especially in areas prone to fires.

While RENCO bricks might cost a bit more upfront, the savings in transportation, handling, and long-term maintenance make them cost-effective over time. And since they’re made from recycled materials, you’re helping reduce landfill waste and supporting sustainability.

Where Can You Use RENCO Bricks?

RENCO bricks are super versatile and can be used for all kinds of construction projects. They’re commonly used in homes and apartments but also work well for commercial spaces like offices and shopping centers. Because they’re fire-resistant, they’re a top choice for projects in fire-prone areas. Their strength, durability, and lightweight nature make them perfect for large-scale projects where ease of use and reliability are key.

RENCO bricks are a smart, sustainable choice. We’ll just have to wait and see whether they ever become a prevalent and popular construction material in the United States.

The post Are These Lego-Like Bricks the Future of Construction? appeared first on Family Handyman.

The National Association of Home Builders recently released the results of a survey of 4,000 home builders, breaking down exactly how much each stage of construction on a new home costs. Overall, construction costs made up 64 percent of the price of a new home built in 2024, averaging $428,215 per house. The rest of the sales price is made up of overhead, general expenses and other financial aspects like financing, marketing costs and the sales commission.

So, what exactly goes into that $428,215? Here, we’ll break down the average cost of building a home by component, examining the essential stages of new construction and how they all contribute to the expenses of a house build.

Site Work

Before there’s a house, there’s a site. In 2024, site work contributed an average of $32,719 to the cost of building a new home. A lot goes into preparing a site to be turned into a home, from engineering and architecture costs to building permit fees. Site work doesn’t stop when the build starts, either, as more inspections are required throughout the construction process. Still, site work is a fairly small piece of the pie, making up 7.6 percent of new home construction costs.

Foundation and Framing

Foundation and framing give you the bones and base of a home, so you want to make sure they’re done absolutely right. On average, the NAHB reports that framing a house cost an average of $70,982 in 2024. Foundations were less expensive, averaging out to $44,748 per new house. Taken together, pouring a foundation and building the frame contributed over a quarter of the total cost of new home construction.

Major System Rough-Ins

Of course, a house is more than just a concrete pad and a wooden frame. Every modern home requires three major systems: plumbing, electrical, and HVAC. Each of these systems cost about the same in 2024, averaging around $27,ooo. Combined, the initial cost of installing these systems was $82,319 — and that’s not including any appliances or fixtures.

Interior and Exterior Finishes

So you’ve got a house with a foundation, framing and all of its major systems… now you just need to finish the thing. Finishing an exterior was actually one of the less expensive stages of new home construction in 2024, averaging $57,510 for work that includes exterior wall finishes and window and door installation.

Interior finishes, though, were by far the most expensive category in the survey. This makes sense because so many aspects of construction fall into the category of “interior finishes.” Insulation, drywall, painting, cabinets, appliances and more all combined for an average cost of $103,391. That’s just under a quarter of the total cost of building a new home, which is all tied up into one stage of construction. Cabinets were the most expensive aspect of the interior finish, averaging about $20,000 per new home.

Final Steps of Construction and “Other” Expenses

After all of that comes the final steps of construction. This is truly a “finishing touches” stage that sees the completion of projects like the pouring of the driveway, porch and patio construction and general site cleanup. Luckily, this stage was the least expensive on average, totaling $27,710 per new home. The NAHB also included a final “Other” category in the survey that included $8,835 in costs that could not be directly attributed to the other categories.

Total Sales Price Breakdown

So that’s where the $428,215 in new home construction costs come from. Unfortunately, that’s still only about two-thirds of the total sales price. Once you add in all of the other financial considerations like financing, marketing and an 11 percent profit for the company building the home, the average total sales price of a newly constructed home in 2024 was $665,298. If you’re thinking about building a house from the ground up, make sure you consider every little thing that will go into the cost before setting off on your dream home-building journey.

Source:

NAHB, “Cost of Constructing a Home- 2024” (2024)

The post The True Cost of Building a Home Today appeared first on Family Handyman.

“I look forward to participating in those negotiations, with President Sheinbaum, as we attempt to achieve a ‘deal’ between our two Countries,” the President posted on his Truth Social platform.

As of Monday morning, the tariffs on Canadian imports are still expected to go into effect on Tuesday, February 4th. The National Association of Home Builders recently put out a statement asking the president to exempt building materials from these Canadian tariffs, but the president has not responded.

“Bringing down the cost of housing will require a coordinated effort to remove obstacles to construction, be they regulatory, labor or supply-chain related,” the organization wrote in a public letter to Trump. “NAHB stands ready to work with you to accomplish these goals. However, we have serious concerns that proposed 25% tariffs on Canada and Mexico will have the opposite effect, by slowing down the domestic residential construction industry.”

Original Story (Jan. 28, 2025): President Trump told reporters at the White House on Jan. 20 that he plans on sticking to his economic strategy of imposing 25 percent tariffs on all imports from Canada and Mexico, according to NBC News. The President indicated these tariffs could go into effect as soon as Feb. 1.

If a 25 percent tariff is imposed on both of the United States’ bordering neighbors, prices of imported goods will inevitably go up. This could be felt particularly keenly in the residential construction industry, which relies heavily on foreign imports for materials. Combined, nearly 20 percent of the total goods used in residential construction in the United States are imported from Canada and Mexico.

Here’s a look at how tariffs increase prices domestically and a look at the construction materials that might be impacted.

What Is a Tariff?

A tariff is a tax on an imported foreign good. Whoever receives the imported good pays the tariff. Typically, an importer has two options when faced with tariffs: either absorb the cost and reduce their profit margins, or pass the cost off to the consumer by raising prices.

Canadian Construction Imports

So, what exactly would a 25 percent tariff on Canadian goods mean for residential construction in the United States? The most immediate and obvious impact would be seen in the price of lumber.

“From Canada, the U.S. imports a significant amount of wood-related products,” reports the National Association of Home Builders. “In 2023, 70% of sawmill and wood product imports came from Canada. Many of these wood products from Canada are already subject to tariffs, with the current rate at 14.5%.”

Lumber prices have already risen 17 percent in the last year, with much of that increase coming after tariffs on Canadian lumber were raised to nearly 15 percent in August.

Steel is another major Canadian import into the United States. In fact, Canadian steel imports nearly tripled the country’s lumber imports in total value.

According to the NAHB, “Total imports of sawmill and wood products from Canada in 2023 was $5.8 billion. The highest valued import from Canada was nonferrous metals, totaling $17.6 billion in 2023.”

Mexican Construction Imports

When it comes to residential construction, Mexico’s most important imports are lime and gypsum products. According to the NAHB, over seventy percent of lime and gypsum products imported into the U.S. in 2023 originated from Mexico. Lime and gypsum are essential ingredients in mortar, plasterboard and cement.

Mexico’s exports are not limited to construction materials, either. The country exported $103 billion worth of electrical machinery and equipment and another $90 billion of computers and other machinery.

Will the Tariffs Happen?

It is difficult to say whether these tariffs will actually go into effect in February, as the new administration is still mulling over the timing and what they will look like. While there is uncertainty surrounding Trump’s tariffs, you can be sure you’ll be hearing about them more and more in the coming days.

Sources:

• AP News: “Trump kept his pledge on tariffs…” 2025
• NAHB: “Import Data for Residential Construction Materials” (2024)
• NAHB: “NAHB Urges Building Material Exemption from Planned Tariffs Against Canada and Mexico” (2024)
• NBC News: “Here’s why Trump didn’t move forward with tariffs on Day 1” (2025)
• TACNA: “What Are the Top Exports Made in Mexico?” (2024)

The post Lumber Prices at Risk as Canadian Tariffs Advance appeared first on Family Handyman.

“Generally, framing materials are treated to withstand moisture and rain during the construction process,” says Russell Vent, vice president of Paul Davis Restoration. “That being said, most residential home builders are, more often than not, not savvy when it comes to structural drying, mold prevention or mold remediation.”

If you think your house might have been built in the rain, or if you are worried about buying one that was, here’s what to consider.

Why You Should Avoid Buying a House That Was Built in the Rainy Season

Structural Damage

It is possible that rain can cause structural damage to houses under construction. Particle board will definitely become compromised if it gets wet, which is why it’s rarely used for sheathing.

Plywood is the most desirable sheathing because of its moisture resistance. However, it’s also expensive, which is why many builders choose oriented strand board (OSB). OSB is also water-resistant, but under persistent moisture, it can swell, and once it does, it will not return to its original dimensions.

“Houses built in the wetter months also tend to have dimensional challenges that homes built during dryer times of the year don’t experience,” says Josh Rudin, owner of ASAP Restoration. “This means that a straight piece of wood today might turn into a corkscrew come the dry season.”

While that likely won’t affect the structure’s safety, it could lead to creaking, cracking and other strange noises, especially when outside temperatures change.

Mold

Mold needs prolonged moisture to grow, so if a house frame gets wet but dries in a timely fashion, mold shouldn’t be an issue. But if the frame or sheathing is exposed to prolonged moisture or is damp when it is sealed up with house wrap, insulation and drywall, that moisture inside can manifest into mold.

“Concerns should be focused on the prolonged moisture,” says Vent. “If I turned on the hose and wet the wood subfloor, and then allowed it to dry out over the next few days, there would be a much less likelihood for mold growth than if I sprayed that same hose every day for three days, or if after I wet that wood floor, I quickly installed vinyl plank flooring before it had a chance to dry.”

How Do I Know If My House Was Built in the Rainy Season?

If your house was built in the rain, you might see signs of water damage, like staining on drywall and exposed wood or rust on metal components, all of which could be signs of serious structural problems.

“Even finished homes can show signs of stress in the form of cracks in drywall and uneven surfaces,” says Rudin. “Typically, the building inspector will force corrections on things like this before they get that far down the line, but it is still possible they’ve missed them, or those clues weren’t present yet during the inspection.”

Otherwise, to gauge how concerned you should be, you can check weather records for when your house was built, plus ask the builder about their water mitigation practices, such as whether they cover frames during stormy weather or promptly clear standing water from foundations.

“Everyone should assume that as their home was being built it, experience rain or other weather,” says Vent. But “I also wouldn’t be extremely alarmed if my home got wet during the initial stages on construction. It happens, but how the home builder is prepared to deal with it should be a point of understanding.”

What to Do to Avoid Mold If My House was Built in the Rain

If you are worried or suspect your home was built carelessly during rain or snow, hire a professional inspector to evaluate it for high humidity, wet building materials, construction flaws and mold, says Vent. “Mold inspectors, home Inspectors, industrial hygienists and indoor environmental professional’s (IEP’s) are a great place to start, and often do not come at a huge price point,” he says.

If they find mold, have it professionally remediated, says Rudin. Otherwise, try to keep everything as dry as possible. Use fans and dehumidifiers to vent moisture-prone areas like crawlspaces and basements, prevent condensation on windows and seal up any areas that might be letting moisture into your home.

“This means keeping wood, drywall and any fabrics or porous surfaces free from standing water,” says Rudin. “Mold spores live in the air around us all the time, and there is no way to prevent their growth other than to prevent the environment that they need to live from existing inside your home.”

About the Experts

• Russell Vent is the Vice President of Paul Davis Restoration of Greater Rochester, New York, a disaster management, mitigation and restoration network with 350 locations in the U.S. and Canada.
• Josh Rudin is the owner of ASAP Restoration in Tempe Arizona. He started the company as a one-man operation in 2008, and today it has grown into one of the city’s top disaster mitigation specialists.

The post Why Buying a House Built in the Rain Might Be a Bad Idea appeared first on Family Handyman.

While it’s impossible to know exactly how the economy or any industry will look a year or even a month from now, there are some trends we can predict in the housing industry in the wake of lowered interest rates. Here’s what we know about how the Fed rate cut might shape the next few years of housing in the United States.

Impact on the Housing Industry

One of the main factors limiting housing growth over the last few years has been a lack of inventory. There simply have not been enough houses being built. Contractors are optimistic this could change if this rate cut is the first of many and incentivizes builders to take out more loans and invest more in new construction.

“If we have a series of rate cuts over the next three to six months, that will likely start to show up in lower construction [loan] rates and greater availability of equity investment toward the end of this year and into next year,” John Sullivan, chair of the U.S. real estate practice at DLA Piper, a London-based law firm, told Construction Dive. “As rates come down, borrowing costs will also come down for many projects, and there will be more real estate investment and construction activity.”

That’s a hopeful prognosis, largely dependent on further interest rate cuts that may or may not happen. It does make logical sense: if the Fed continues its rate-dropping trend, construction activity will likely increase. Unfortunately, interest rates are not the only factor limiting the growth of the home-building industry.

“Because we lost about a million construction workers during the Great Recession, we still lack that. So we need people desperately to come into the trades,” Danushka Nanayakkara-Skillington, the National Association of Home Builders’ (NAHB) associate vice president of forecasting, told Business Insider. She noted that along with the labor shortage, material prices have also hampered housing for the last few years and contributed to those subdued production levels.

Still, this interest rate cut is certainly a step in the right direction and puts housing on a better path toward renewed growth. The National Association of Home Builders (NAHB)/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index, which tracks builder optimism in the current state of the housing market, rose two points in the wake of the Fed’s announcement.

“The macroeconomy is starting to right itself,” said Jim Tobin, CEO of the NAHB, on NAHB’s podcast Housing Developments. “So now is the time for lawmakers — whether at the federal level or state or local level — to jump on the housing bandwagon and get ready for that growth.”

Impact on Home Buyers

On the other side of the market are home buyers waiting for mortgage rates to drop from historically high levels. While mortgage rates did hit 6.4% (their lowest point in over a year) in early September, buyers have still been reluctant to sign on to such a high rate. In fact, the NAHB recently reported that new home sales fell in August due in part to homebuyers waiting to make a move until after the Fed announced the rate cut.

But will the Fed’s rate cut actually spark a trend of mortgage rates dropping? Experts say it’s unlikely, at least in the immediate aftermath. In fact, we might see a bit of an uptick.

“We’ve seen the bulk of the easing that we’re going to get already this year,” said Danielle Hale, chief economist at Realtor.com told Finance and Commerce. “I wouldn’t be entirely surprised if mortgage rates ticked up a bit from here before declining again.” 

Whether or not mortgage rates continue to decrease beyond this year depends on how the economy responds. If the economy remains sluggish, the Fed may be forced to cut rates even more drastically.

“Ultimately, the pace of mortgage and Fed rate declines will be dictated by economic data,” Rob Cook, vice president at Discover Home Loans, told Finance and Commerce. “If future data shows that the economy is slowing more than expected, it would increase pressure for the Fed to take more aggressive action with rate cuts, which would likely translate into lower mortgage rates available to consumers.” 

If mortgage rates do eventually fall below 5% again, homeowners with high mortgage rates would be motivated to sell— which, in turn, would help ease the housing industry’s inventory problem. However, experts say it will be at least 2027 before mortgage rates tumble that far.

Sources:

• CNBC: Fed slashes interest rates by a half point; September 2024
• Construction Dive: Construction pros expect interest rate cut to spur new work; September 2024
• Business Insider: Rate cuts might make it cheaper to buy a house…; September 2024
• NAHB: NAHB/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index (HMI); September 2024
• NAHB: Podcast: What Fed Rate Cut Means for Housing; September 2024
• CNBC: Mortgage rates hit lowest level since February 2023; September 2024
• NAHB: New Home Sales Fall in August as Buyers Wait Out Anticipated Rate Cut; September 2024
• Finance and Commerce: Fed’s rate cut likely to have minimal effect on mortgage rates this year: September 2024
• Business Insider: Will mortgage rates go down this year?; September 2024

The post What the Fed Rate Cut Means for Housing and Home Buyers appeared first on Family Handyman.

There are other three-in-one leaf vacuums, but Worx is one of the most talked about options among lawn enthusiasts due to its efficiency and various attachments, including one that places mulched leaves directly in your garbage can.

Read on to see what our testers had to say about the Worx Leaf Vacuum, whether it’s worth the price and how it stacks up to the competition.

What is the Worx Leaf Vacuum?

The Worx Leaf Vacuum is an electric three-in-one leaf blower, vacuum and mulcher that switches modes with the turn of a knob. On the blower setting, you get a two-speed operation with a wide-mouth tube. It has a maximum air capacity of 620 cubic feet per minute (CFM).

For those who don’t know, CFM measures the amount of air pushed out by a blower. First-time leaf blower or vacuum buyers may instinctively look for how fast a machine can blow (the Worx Leaf Vacuum reaches 70 miles per hour), but you also want to look for a high CFM if you have a larger yard.

The vacuum setting sucks up the leaves that are then mulched by a metal impeller at an 18:1 ratio (18 bags of leaves can fit into one). The leaves can be vacuumed into a bag worn over your shoulder or directly into a garbage can using the LeafPro collection system.

“As a gardener who likes to compost, the option to collect leaves directly into a garbage can is a nice feature,” says product tester Sheri Kaz, who’s been gardening since she was a child.

This is a corded model, so it might not be the best fit for people with larger yards. Our testers say the cord length was only 7 inches, and the vacuum has a tube length of 19.5 inches, so you’ll need an extension cord to reach every corner of your yard.

Looking to pull the plug on your gardening tools? We tested and reviewed the best cordless leaf blowers.

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Worx Leaf Vacuum Features

Three-in-One Functionality

Three-in-one leaf cleaning tools are becoming more popular, and it’s easy to see why. Nobody wants to drop money on several products, and it’s annoying to have to go in and out of the garage every 10 minutes to get a new machine. The Worx Leaf Vacuum has a knob that switches it from a leaf blower to a vacuum with mulching capabilities.

Kaz says the push-and-turn knob is easy, so we rated it a 5 out of 5 when it came to the ease of alternating between functions.

Leaf Blower

Let’s examine the Worx Leaf Vacuum as a blower. It has a maximum CFM of 620 and a 70-mile-per-hour air speed with a wide-mouth tube. This combination makes it great for people who have a large amount of leaves and aren’t in a rush. The lower speed, however, means it might not pick up wet leaves or heavy debris as well as more powerful blowers.

Kaz says the 9-pound machine feels lightweight in her hand, though she notes that it only has one handle, so it’s harder to distribute the weight evenly. This causes the user to tire quicker than with blowers that have a second grip.

Our testers also noted the cord was cumbersome, though the obvious benefit is you don’t have to wait for it to charge like other electric options. “The cord unplugged easily, so the machine kept getting disconnected from the extension cord and powering down,” Kaz adds.

There are two speeds to pick from, depending on where you are in your cleanup. The first setting is for more precise blowing, whereas the second speed is for blowing leaves “everywhere,” Kaz says. She says it’s easy to switch speeds while continuing to blow.

For those looking for a dedicated leaf blower, check out our Ego Leaf Blower review.

Leaf Vacuum With Mulching Capabilities

Our testers noted the Worx Leaf Vacuum had no trouble sucking up the leaves or mulching them. “It mulches leaves very finely,” Kaz says. She notes there were several times you could see dust or dirt coming out of the bag, though this happened with every electric leaf vacuum we tested.

Worx claims their leaf vacuum has an 18:1 mulch ratio, which means it turns 18 bags of leaves into one.

There were some difficulties with getting the mulched leaves into either disposal system.

“Many of the small pieces collect on and get stuck in the wrinkles of the LeafPro bag versus making it to the trash bin,” Kaz says. When using the shoulder strap bag, she says there were times she had to hand-feed clumps into the tube because they were getting stuck.

Our testers spent about five minutes and 50 seconds vacuuming and mulching dry leaves. Vacuuming and mulching a similar amount of wet leaves took just one minute and five seconds, and a lot less dust was created.

Bag/Trash Can Disposal

The Worx Leaf Vacuum comes with a shoulder-strap bag similar to the Husqvarna Backpack Blower. You can also add the LeafPro attachment to your order so the mulch goes straight into a garbage can. The best part of the latter is that it’s a universal attachment, so it should work with other companies’ vacuums.

Kaz says the shoulder strap bag offers a bit more maneuverability and helps with stability.

Check out our picks for the best backpack leaf blowers.

The LeafPro attachment is a great feature, though it requires you to drag your garbage can around the yard or get all the leaves to one central location.

Quiet

The Worx Leaf Vacuum is much quieter than gas models and is quieter than other electric models. Our testers measured the decibel rating, the unit of measurement used for sound, at 96.8 for the blower and 90.5 for the vacuum (both on their highest setting).

Noise levels of around 100 decibels are considered dangerous and prolonged exposure to those noises could result in hearing loss, so we recommend wearing ear plugs or other hearing protection if you plan on using it for long.

How We Tested It

Our expert product testers analyzed the Worx alongside some of the best-selling leaf vacuums. Before we tried them, we researched standalone vacuums and three-in-one options based on industry rankings, customer reviews, brand reputation and price.

We then used the Worx Leaf Vacuum and the other models to clean up more than 500 gallons of leaves, dry and wet, for 45 hours to collect hundreds of data points on their performance.

Pros

• Unlimited runtime
• 18:1 mulch ratio
• Easy to switch between blower and vacuum
• LeafPro attachment for direct deposit into a trash bin
• Lightweight
• Versatile

Cons

• Only one handle

• Cord can be annoying to deal with

Why You Should Trust Us

Family Handyman has been researching and testing gardening and lawn care equipment for years, and our expert product testers have used models from all the big and small brands. Many of us are homeowners with large yards that we care for year-round, including when it comes time for leaf cleanup in the fall.

Sheri Kaz and Dylan Fischer have tested multiple leaf vacuums and three-in-one combination blowers/vacuums/mulchers, including the Worx Leaf Vacuum. They researched all specs and features and tested the leaf vacuum in real-life situations to compare its performance to the manufacturer’s promises and the competition.

Kaz has been gardening for more than 30 years. She started on her family’s Midwest farm, where she planted her first garden as a child, and now helps clients with exterior design, including gardens and hardscapes.

Fischer has tested hundreds of products for Family Handyman, Taste of Home and Reader’s Digest.

FAQ

Which Worx leaf vacuum is best?

In our opinion, the Worx Trivac Three-in-One Electric Leaf Blower/Vacuum/Mulcher is the best Worx leaf vacuum because it combines three machines into one. Our expert product testers said it performed well when sucking and mulching leaves, though it only has one handle, so it’s not the most stable when being used as a blower.

What is the difference between Worx 512 and 509?

The Worx 512 has a maximum cubic feet per minute (CFM) output of 620, compared to the Worx 509’s 350 CFM. This means the 512 can move more leaves per minute, though the 509 has a higher air speed at 210 MPH compared to the 509’s 75 MPH, so it’s better for heavier debris or wet leaves.

Finally, the 509 has an 18:1 mulching ratio, and the 512 has a 16:1.

What Other Reviewers/Experts Had to Say

As of this writing, the Worx Trivac Three-in-One Electric Leaf Blower/Vacuum/Mulcher has an average rating of 4.2 on Amazon, with nearly 4,700 of the 7,500 ratings being five stars.

“Now, I gotta tell ya, this Worx leaf blower is a Southern yard’s best friend,” writes five-star Amazon reviewer Cory. “It’s powerful like a thunderstorm, but easy to handle like a gentle breeze. It ain’t too heavy either, so you won’t be strainin’ yourself tryin’ to tame them leaves.”

Although there aren’t many negative reviews, some customers claim it has a short lifespan or fails to deliver on its promises. “It lacks sufficient power as a leaf blower and struggles to mulch effectively,” writes one-star Amazon reviewer Suzanne B. “The vacuum function is weak and often clogs. The build feels cheap, and it’s not as versatile or efficient as advertised.”

Worx Leaf Vacuum vs DR Leaf Vacuum

The DR Leaf Vacuum has leaf vacuuming and mulching capabilities like the Worx Leaf Vacuum, but instead of also having a blower, it serves as a wood chipper that can break down branches up to 1.5 inches in diameter.

“Anyone who has to spend a lot of time raking up branches on their lawn will undoubtedly find themselves using this feature a lot,” Fischer says of the chipping capabilities of the DR Leaf Vacuum.

So obviously, the DR is a better choice for those who have more branches in their yard than the average person. Let’s compare the two just as vacuums/mulchers. The DR is the easy choice for people with larger yards, as you can fit up to 50 pounds of leaves in one bag. The Worx fits up to eight gallons of mulched leaves when using the bag, and the LeafPro attachment is only limited by the size of your garbage can, though the cord limits how far you can go unless you have a long extension cord.

The DR is also much quicker. Our testers cleared wet and dry leaves in about a minute. The Worx took more than five minutes with dry leaves and just over a minute with wet leaves.

The Worx wins on price, at under $200. The DR Leaf Vacuum costs around $2,500. Our testers also noted the DR vacuum created a lot more dust and recommended wearing eye protection when using it. The Worx vacuum created some dust, but not enough to be a nuisance.

Final Verdict

The Worx Leaf Vacuum is a cost-friendly and versatile tool that can help speed up your leaf-cleaning duties. While it’s not perfect, especially when it comes to stability, it offers a lot of bang for your buck.

We recommend it for people with small or mid-sized yards who want to use one machine for leaf cleaning. Be aware that it only has one handle, so you’ll need a strong grip to distribute the weight evenly. Also, our testers said it’s not uncommon for leaves to get clogged in the tube.

The cord provides an unlimited runtime, though you’ll need an extension cord if you want to walk around with it.

Where to Buy the Worx Leaf Vacuum

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The Worx Leaf Vacuum is available on Amazon for under $125 with free delivery. It is also available at The Home Depot, Lowe’s and the Worx website.

The post Worx Leaf Vaccum Review: Does This Three-in-One Blower/Vacuum/Mulcher Beat the Competition? appeared first on Family Handyman.

One of our favorite leaf blowers that also functions as a leaf vacuum is the Craftsman backpack leaf blower. It’s powerful, easy to use and budget-friendly. In order to see how well this Craftsman backpack blower stands up to a mountain of leaves, we sent it to our testing lab for close inspection. Here’s everything you need to know about this model before you add it to your arsenal of lawn equipment.

What is the Craftsman Backpack Leaf Blower?

The Craftsman backpack leaf blower is an electric leaf blower. It has a 12-inch cord and is a true backpack-style lawn tool with two straps, making it less cumbersome than a sling bag. This leaf blower boasts a powerful 12-amp motor with a velocity and air volume of up to 450 cubic feet per minute (CFM). When it comes to speed, this tool can shoot air out at 260 miles per hour (MPH).

At under 12 pounds, this Craftsman backpack blower is lightweight and incredibly easy to use and maneuver, thanks to its user-friendly handles. But that’s not the only reason we love it so much. This Craftsman blower also functions as a leaf vacuum.

“Vacuums are effective when cleaning up smaller spaces and tight areas. For example, cleaning leaves in bushes,” explains Francisco Fuenmayor, a handyman and home improvement expert at LocalProBook. “A leaf blower won’t be able to blow the leaves out of there, while blowers are better for quickly moving large amounts of debris across bigger spaces.”

No tools are required to switch this from blower to vacuum mode. In vacuum mode, it sucks up and mulches up to 55 liters of leaves into the backpack. Once the bag is full, simply open it up and dump all of the mulched debris out. Yard work has never been so easy! Keep reading for a full breakdown of the Craftsman backpack blower’s features and to find out why it’s one of the best backpack leaf blowers we’ve tested.

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Craftsman Backpack Leaf Blower

The Craftsman backpack leaf blower also functions as a leaf vacuum for quick and easy cleanup.

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Craftsman Backpack Leaf Blower Features

Versatility

As mentioned above, the Craftsman backpack blower functions as both a leaf blower and a leaf vacuum. In order to switch between functions, all you have to do is switch the tubes and twist open the fan cover. The fan cover is attached to the machine so you don’t lose it, and no tools are required.

Engine Power and Blowing Force

The Craftsman backpack blower is pretty powerful given its size and price point. Its 12-amp motor allows it to clear tough debris like wet leaves and pebbles. It moves air at 450 cubic feet per minute (CFM). “A strong blower with good CFM is great for cleaning hard-to-reach corners and gathering debris from garden beds into neat piles on the lawn,” explains Fuenmayor. Additionally, the Craftsman backpack blower blows air at up to 260 MPH. A higher MPH increases the distance you are able to clear.

Mulching Capabilities

In vacuum mode, the Craftsman backpack blower’s plastic impeller shreds debris into mulch and deposits it into the backpack. According to the manufacturer, this machine shreds leaves and reduces their volume by a ratio of 12:01. During testing, our testers noted that this blower mulched the leaves very finely.

Warranty

The Craftsman backpack blower is covered by a three-year limited warranty. This means that for three years following the date of purchase or date of delivery of the product (whichever date is later), this machine is warrantied against defects in material or workmanship. This warranty is extended only to the original end-user purchaser of the product. Read more about Craftsman’s warranty policy here.

How We Tested It

The product testing team, led by associate product testers Sheri Kaz and Dylan Fischer, took this Craftsman backpack blower into our testing lab to see what it’s really made of. They looked at how easy it was to assemble and how well it performed as both a leaf blower and a leaf vacuum.

Assembly

Our testers ran into some initial hiccups during the assembly process, noting that the plastic pieces didn’t click into place as satisfyingly as they would have liked. However, they describe the process itself as pretty straightforward. Once it was assembled and ready to go, our testers especially liked the ergonomic handles which allowed them to get a good grip before they started blowing.

Leaf Blowing

To test the Craftsman’s performance as a leaf blower, our team scattered dry leaves around the yard, then blew them into a designated 4-by-10-foot area before vacuuming, evaluating the blower’s directional control, ease of use and noise level. Our testers were really impressed by the power behind this blower. However, it was a bit too powerful at times. “It would be nice if there were multiple speed levels, because the one will blow your pile all around as you get closer to it,” says Kaz. Additionally, this leaf blower registered 106.5 decibels. In other words, it’s loud! Ear and eye protection are strongly recommended.

Vacuuming

After they finished blowing the leaves, our testers set out to test the vacuum function on the Craftsman backpack blower. To convert the machine from a leaf blower to a leaf vacuum, Kaz and Fisher had to swap the blower tube for the vacuum tube and twist open the fan cover, which is attached to the machine so you don’t lose it. Though easy in theory, Kaz and Fischer struggled a bit here, noting that the tubes don’t really click into place. But after double-checking the user manual, they were back in business.

For this test, our testers spread roughly 30 gallons of leaves across two rectangles of grass. They covered one rectangle in dry leaves and the other had damp leaves, which had been misted with a hose. Our testers timed how long it took to suck up each rectangle’s leaves while evaluating the ergonomics, maneuverability, noise level and more.

According to Kaz and Fischer’s report, it took just under three minutes to suck up all of the dry leaves and just over one minute to suck up all of the wet leaves. Upon emptying the bag, they noted that the leaves had been very finely mulched.

Comfort

As for comfort, Fischer points out that the unit itself gets pretty heavy to use for an extended length of time. Luckily, the overall backpack design helped. “The backpack is nice on this one because it’s a full backpack that goes over both shoulders,” he says. “It provides a lot of relief from the weight.”

Overall, our product testing team highly recommends the Craftsman backpack blower. It was a top performer in the lab and is both easy and comfortable to use. “The two-strapped backpack-style bag works amazingly well and should be the standard for all these handheld vacuums. It’s a great way to equally distribute weight and goes a long way to mitigate fatigue,” raves Fischer.

And for less than $100, you simply can’t go wrong.

Pros:

• Functions as a leaf blower and a leaf vacuum
• Two-strapped backpack provides relief from the weight of the unit
• Powerful performance
• Finely mulches leaves and debris it vacuums
• Under $100
• Ergonomic handles

Cons:

• Not cordless
• Plastic pieces don’t readily click into place

Why You Should Trust Us

Our editors and testers on the product testing team have years of experience in the commerce space. We’ve tested dozens of leaf blowers and leaf vacuums, including the Husqvarna Backpack Blower, Stihl BR 600 Backpack Blower and the Ego Leaf Blower. And we don’t plan on stopping there! Currently, we are testing more leaf blowers and leaf vacuums to ensure we help you make informed decisions based on real-life testing before you buy.

To further discuss the benefits and uses of leaf blowers and vacuums, we also enlisted the expertise of Francisco Fuenmayor, a handyman and home improvement expert at LocalProBook.

FAQ

What kind of gas does a Craftsman backpack leaf blower take?

This Craftsman backpack blower is electric and does not take gas.

Why won’t my Craftsman backpack blower start?

First, make sure your Craftsman backpack blower is plugged in. The cord on this model is only 12 inches long, so an extension cord may be required.

If that doesn’t work, check the fan cover. “Initially, you have to turn the cover to lock it into place in order for the machine to turn on,” explains Fischer. “We didn’t realized this, so the machine wouldn’t start after several tries. Finally, after about five attempts and referring to the user manual, it seemed that whatever was hanging it up resolved itself and we were able to click the cover into place.”

What kind of oil goes in a Craftsman?

This Craftsman backpack blower does not require oil.

What Other Reviewers and Experts Had to Say

Five-star reviewer Robert T Kennedy appreciates how well this unit cleans his yard without sucking up expensive decorative stones. “I liked the multiple options for the leaf blower,” he writes. “One piece of equipment keeps my lawn, garden, walkways and driveway clean with its powerful motor. Definitely worth the reasonable price.”

Micray, another five-star reviewer, calls the Craftsman backpack blower a back-saver. “This has been such a lifesaver trying to clean up. My backyard had hundreds of those little bitty gumballs, and this has made picking them up so much easier,” they write.

After running into some of the same issues as our product testing team in regards to getting the pieces into place, verified user Girly Gamer is happy to have figured it out. “It ended up working beautifully on the vacuum part which is all I wanted. Great power, bag is comfortable and holds A LOT! It is fairly heavy, but with the two handles, it’s not too bad,” they write. “Saved me big time from raking and bending over to pick up piles of pine needles which had been building up for a year! Even mulched pine cones and twigs fine…”

Product Comparison

Our product testing team tested a total of six blower vacuum combos including the Craftsman backpack blower. They labeled this unit the best overall for its performance, two-strap backpack style and good value. We also tested the Toro Ultra Blower Vac, another corded model which functions as a blower and a vacuum. The Craftsman and the Toro are both similarly sized and priced, there was a significant difference in performance.

The Craftsman backpack blower has a velocity and air volume of up to 450 cubic feet per minute (CFM) and expels air at 260 miles per hour (MPH). The Toro, on the other hand, has a velocity and air volume of 340 CFM in blow mode and 405 CFM in vac mode. And though the Toro boasts the same 260 MPH as the Craftsman, our testers found the Toro’s blowing performance to be much weaker than the Craftsman backpack blower.

Additionally, the Craftsman backpack blower has a two-strapped backpack-style bag which makes it easy to tote around the yard. The Toro has one strap which you can sling over your shoulder. Though not uncomfortable, it’s not as convenient as the Craftsman backpack blower.

Final Verdict

If you’re looking for an inexpensive way to keep your yard neat and tidy, you can’t go wrong with the Craftsman backpack blower. This versatile blower is comfortable, easy to use and powerful enough to get the job done. In short, you can expect your lawn to look like a million bucks all autumn long thanks to this handy backpack blower.

Where to Buy the Craftsman backpack leaf blower

The Craftsman backpack leaf blower is a steal at under $100. You can shop on Amazon where it’s available with free two-day Prime shipping. You can also shop at Lowe’s where it’s available for in-store pickup or delivery.

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Craftsman Backpack Leaf Blower

The two-strapped backpack equally distributes the blower's weight.

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The post This Craftsman Backpack Leaf Blower Is Two Tools In One, And It’ll Clean Up Your Yard in No Time appeared first on Family Handyman.

There’s also a shortage of unskilled labor. I have lived in California for 20+ years and can remember that finding someone to clean gutters, paint a fence or help with landscaping tasks was as easy as driving to the local Home Depot parking lot to recruit as many workers as I needed. No more. Whether it’s due to stricter immigration policies or an increased need for laborers in the agricultural sector, the worker pool has dwindled to a fraction of what it was.

The lack of unskilled workers is probably partially due to evolving immigration policies. In the years 2015 and 2016, the U.S. Census Bureau reported 1,049,000 immigrants, but by 2020 and 2021, that number had decreased to 247,000 — a 76-percent drop. The thinking behind those policies might be that fewer migrants means more work opportunities for citizens, but so far, working-age Americans don’t seem to have made much of a dent in the shortfall.

There may be other reasons why the number of unskilled laborers is flagging, but when it comes to skilled workers, the reasons are many. Some of them go back just a few years, while others have roots in the last century.

The Extent of the Problem

In July 2024, U.S. Chamber of Commerce data showed 8.2 million job openings in the U.S. and only 7.2 million unemployed workers. To quote from the Chamber of Commerce report: “If every unemployed person in the country found a job, we would still have millions of open jobs.”

A labor shortage is good news for workers because it forces up wages. Still, employers can’t always pay them, or they are just unwilling to, especially if the shortage is temporary, as it was during the COVID-19 pandemic. Economist Adam Ozimek, who owns a small business, said in an interview: “When the labor shortages go away, then you’re stuck with a higher nominal wage than you would need.”

The result is that businesses go understaffed, prices rise and consumers pay more for goods and services. But is the current labor shortage a temporary byproduct of the pandemic, or are longer-term factors involved that call for a societal course change?

Factors Contributing to the Skilled Labor Shortage

As the population ages and more workers retire, there is a shortage of young workers available to take their places. The pandemic accelerated the retirement rate as part of a phenomenon now known as the Great Resignation.

After the pandemic, some two-thirds of workers who lost their jobs during the lockdown are somewhat or not very active in searching for a new job. According to a survey conducted by the Chamber of Commerce in 2022, at the time:

• Half of the respondents were not willing to accept jobs that don’t offer the opportunity for remote work.
• Nearly one in five either retired, became homemakers or transitioned to part-time work.
• Younger people (aged 25 to 34 years old) reported prioritizing personal growth over working. Some 36 percent of them were seeking new skills through training and education before attempting a return to the job market.

NOTE: To that last point, people need training because they didn’t get it in their school years. Since the 1960s, young people have been pushed to pursue college degrees that would land them more lucrative white-collar jobs. Education in the trades was stigmatized, high schools phased out trade programs, and blue-collar jobs developed a negative image. This process accelerated in the 1990s and 2000s.

Preparing Young People for the Labor Market

In a recent opinion piece for the Washington Post, writer Heather Long envisions an apprenticeship renaissance that could provide three million job opportunities in the next five years and notes that she believes the momentum for this to happen is already there. The U.S. government began funding apprenticeship programs at the end of the Obama administration and today invests $244 million in them.

At present, the U.S. lags behind other countries in the number of programs it offers. Only 0.4 percent of the U.S. workforce is involved in apprenticeships, compared to two percent in Britain and France. In Germany and Switzerland, half or more of young people are involved in apprenticeship programs.

Apprenticeships extend beyond the construction trades, with manufacturing, tech and finance firms also offering programs. Apprenticeships and trade schools qualify young workers for good-paying jobs with pensions and instill a sense of purpose. Not only that, “earn-while-you-learn” apprenticeship programs provide a living wage now, not merely the promise of one in the future.

Perhaps most importantly, as Anne-Marie Kovacs points out in Forbes, the skills young people acquire in apprenticeship programs and trade schools are not only necessary but also resistant to automation, outsourcing and AI. That’s a big plus today, and it’s bound to be an even bigger plus going forward.

Sources

• The Washington Post: How can more young people live the American dream? There’s a simple answer; August 2024.
• The Atlantic: The Coming Labor Shortage Is Not Good News; July 2024.
• U.S. Chamber of Commerce: Understanding America’s Labor Shortage; July 2024.
• Forbes: The Crisis Under The Hood: America’s Skilled Labor Shortage; June 2024.

The post Just How Big of a Problem Is the United States’ Labor Shortage? appeared first on Family Handyman.

I spoke with two decor professionals to find out what the 2025 Colors of the Year can tell us about where home fashions are heading, how and when they can help you make a stylish home your own, and how to introduce these trends in a way that feels timeless.

What Are the Colors of the Year?

Every fall, many major paint brands announce their Colors of the Year. “They’re a way for interior professionals and paint companies to demonstrate leadership in the space,” Interior Designer Heather Mastrangeli says.

She believes that, to some degree, the Color of the Year announcements are a marketing tactic. However, that doesn’t mean they’re meaningless. Companies make their selections by looking at current consumer moods and desires, along with lifestyle and design trend forecasting. This means that, although the colors vary by brand, there can be meaningful emerging themes amongst the hues.

Mastrangeli explains that there’s a direct correlation between the fashion industry and the interior design industry. “Typically, fashion is a little ahead of interior design, and trends begin in Europe before making their way to the U.S.,” she says. “As we see 2025 Color of the Year announcements, we know that these shades are carefully selected based on a multitude of criteria and will make a splash in the interior design world.”

Should I Care About the Colors of the Year?

You don’t have to select a Color of the Year to create a timeless, stylish space—and sometimes, these trending shades won’t fit with your personal preferences or the aesthetic you’re aiming for. However, if you need inspiration on the best interior paint colors for redesigning a room, Mastrangeli explains Colors of the Year can be a helpful starting point. “The risk [of making a design misstep] is mitigated slightly by turning to color trends,” she says.

They can help narrow down the overwhelming number of color options and provide inspiration and focus for an overall interior design style. If you like to be ahead of the curve with trends, you can’t go wrong with selecting a 2025 Color of the Year.

Will the Colors of the Year Age Well?

The colors of the year are chosen based on current and forecasted design trends rather than on how timeless the shades are. Certain shades may become dated more quickly than others. However, Interior Designer Megan Hersch says the trends tend to last multiple years and aren’t likely to shift to the opposite extreme quickly. “So the fear of your home looking outdated if you select a color from within the trend is not always warranted,” she says.

Mastrangeli says that it’s rarely the colors on their own that create issues with aging. “It’s the combination of the painted walls, the interior design, and the furnishings that can cause a space to look dated,” she says. Thinking about how all these elements come together can help you retain a timeless appeal when you’re painting your home to sell.

Looking at the emerging 2025 Colors of the Year, the trend is leaning towards earthy, warm, soothing and comforting shades, rather than contemporary cool tones. Mastrangeli says these shades have timeless staying power when combined with the right furnishings and finishes.

What The 2025 Colors of the Year Tell Us About Where Interior Design Is Headed

Hersch says that after several years of “hygge” home style, featuring warm woods and soft neutrals, people continue to look for a welcoming respite from the outside world. “The cooler grays of 10 years ago are giving way to colors with more sophistication and depth, which is where I believe the level of design will stay while people turn back toward more human connection and warmth,” she says.

Mastrangeli also believes the upheaval of the global pandemic has influenced the warm tone trends in the 2025 Colors of the Year selections. “When there’s a crisis, people crave comfort,” she says. “They want to be surrounded by warmth after making it through such a turbulent time.”

About the Experts

• Megan Hersch is an interior designer and co-founder and COO of online design service roomLift. She has almost 20 years of experience in the High-End Residential Interior Design Business; email interview, Sept. 13, 2024.
• Heather Mastrangeli, NCIDQ, IIDA, NKBA is a Registered Interior Designer and Owner of Innovatus Design, an award-winning interior design studio; email interview, Sept. 13, 2024.

The post What the Paint Colors of 2025 Tell Us About Where Interior Design Is Headed appeared first on Family Handyman.

Different types of paint sprayers cater to various project needs, providing versatility for a range of home improvement tasks. HVLP (high-volume, low-pressure) sprayers, for example, are great for detail work and achieving a fine finish on furniture and cabinets. Airless sprayers deliver high-pressure coverage, perfect for big jobs like painting an entire fence.

Once your project is complete, the sprayer and its accessories can be neatly stored in the durable storage case. It keeps everything organized and ready for the next use. This convenience ensures that the Wagner Flexio 3500 is always prepared to help you tackle your next painting project with professional results.

What is the Wagner Flexio 3500?

The Wagner Flexio 3500 is an HVLP (high volume low pressure) paint sprayer designed for DIYers. It is especially well-suited for small projects and detail work but is also capable of tackling medium-sized projects such as entire walls or treating a deck. It requires only electricity and ships with two nozzles that are capable of using most types of paints, stains and finishes.

Once your project is complete, the sprayer and its accessories can be neatly stored in the durable storage case, keeping everything organized and ready for the next use. This convenience ensures that the Wagner Flexio 3500 is always prepared to help you tackle your next painting project with professional results.

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Wagner Flexio 3500 Paint Sprayer

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Wagner Flexio 3500 Product Features

The Flexio 3500 Electric Handheld HVLP Paint Sprayer makes your painting projects faster and more efficient. It sprays 10 times faster than a traditional brush, allowing you to cover an 8-by-10 wall in just five minutes. This makes it perfect for both interior and exterior projects, including walls, decks, fences, furniture, cabinets and more.

One of the standout features of the Flexio 3500 is its variable-speed X-Boost turbine, which provides the power needed to spray unthinned paints and stains. This versatility means you can tackle a wide range of painting jobs without the hassle of thinning the paint. The sprayer also has a compact and lightweight design, making it easy to handle and maneuver, and is 10% lighter than previous Flexio models, reducing hand fatigue during extended use.

The sprayer offers multiple adjustable settings to suit your specific project needs, providing flexibility and control over your painting. The iSpray nozzle is ideal for achieving a textured finish on broad surfaces like exterior siding, walls and ceilings, while the Detail Finish Nozzle is perfect for a smooth, fine finish on cabinets, furniture and trim. These interchangeable nozzles make the Flexio 3500 a versatile tool for both professional and DIY projects.

Cleaning and Material

Cleaning and maintaining the Flexio 3500 is a breeze thanks to the Lock-N-Go system that allows for quick disassembly. The included Bonus Cup Liner further simplifies cleanup, making it quick and easy. For added convenience, the durable storage case keeps the sprayer protected between projects. Plus, you can access Wagner+ by scanning the QR code on your product for instant digital access to product registration, how-to guides, manuals and more, ensuring you have all the resources you need at your fingertips.

Lastly, the sprayer is capable of spraying:

• Latex and oil-based paints
• Semi-transparent stain
• Solid stains
• Water-based lacquers
• Urethanes

How We Tested It

The first thing that stood out to me about this sprayer was the case that it came in. I often find that molded plastic cases are almost useless as it seems impossible to get the tools back into their designated slots. In this case (pun intended), the parts were easily stowed and the case could be buttoned up.

The next thing I noticed is what I would call “built-in” nozzles. Most of the hand-held sprayers that I’ve used utilize a type of two-part metal nozzle wherein you pick the fluid tip size based on your material. You then insert a matching needle tip, which is prone to getting lost, even if just dropped onto carpeting or grass, not to mention floating around at the bottom of a tool box. These needless nozzles seemed like a bonus and definitely were.

I set out to paint the exterior of one of my wooden sheds, which was in serious need of painting. After power washing it, scraping off some old paint and waiting for it to dry, I filled the 1300-milliliter (approximately 1/3rd gallon) that works with the iSpray nozzle with an inexpensive, acrylic-based exterior paint and primer in one. I attached the “iSpray” nozzle, which is supposed to mimic the texture of a roller, and plugged in the sprayer. Since it was just an outside shed, I eschewed practice and fine-tuning in water or on cardboard and went straight for the shed.

Tuning and Usage

As expected, some fine-tuning was required. I ended up with a few drips, but that was entirely user error and not a result of the settings, which I had adjusted based on the usage—having set the “X-boost” power dial (I.e., the air power) to the middle of its range and the material flow control to the middle of its range. Also, I had the spray width set to wide, and after some technique adjustments, this worked out to be a great combination of power and volume for the paint.

I went through the first container of paint rather quickly due to my futzing around with the technique. As such, I was a little worried about how much paint I was going through. But by the time I was onto my second container of paint, I was getting great distance and coverage. I was able to get a single coat onto approximately 60 square feet with less than 1/3 of a gallon of paint. This amount is spot on if estimating that I can spray 150 to 200 square feet per gallon.

The coating was even at the start and end of the spray cycle, as well as at the edges of the spray pattern. I used the common “overlap” technique with horizontal paths and completed the edges with the spray width set to the narrow setting. The nozzle cleanup was quick and painless. I was really pleased with the results: The shed went from a sad and dreary backyard eyesore to looking like a proud member of the outdoor decor.

Pros

• Carrying case
• Multiple nozzles and containers
• Easy to clean
• Detail finish and spray at the same time
• Variable air power control
• Can use stains, enamels, paints and more

Cons

• Not great for large projects
• Pricier than most handheld HVLP sprayers

Why Trust Us

I’ve been painting homes for nearly 40 years, and while much of the process remains the same, the paints and sprayers have improved greatly. I’ve been using modern DIY and professional sprayers for a couple of years and have been impressed with their capabilities, especially at such reasonable prices.

When I learned that I would be reviewing a selection of paint sprayers, I was eager to find out firsthand how they would stack up. I reviewed the equipment from the vantage point of a non-professional, intent on offering DIYers an idea of what each sprayer could and could not do. My review offers potential consumers a realistic and practical guide to an array of sprayer options.

FAQ

Do you have to thin paint for Wagner Flexio 3500?

You don’t have to thin paint for the Wagner Flexio 3500, but sometimes, it may be necessary. Wagner advises users that most paints do not need to be thinned and that optimal spray performance can be achieved by adjusting the airflow, spray width and material flow control. If thinning, it’s advised to delete the material in steps of 5-10%.

Can I use Wagner Flexio 3500 to paint a ceiling?

With some practice, spraying a ceiling can be done without too much mess. You’ll want to be cautious of where you align the pickup tube when using the Flexio to paint a ceiling. It’s ideal to spray with a horizontally held sprayer, but that isn’t possible when painting a ceiling. So, when painting a ceiling with the Flexio 3500, point the pickup tube toward the handle of the sprayer. The paint is then taken up in the tube when the sprayer is pointed upward. Wagner warns that the sprayer should not be used at greater than a 45-degree angle. If the angle is too steep, material could get into the turbine and damage it. Eye protection and a mask are always recommended when using a sprayer, but especially important when painting a ceiling.

Can I leave paint in my Wagner paint sprayer overnight?

Ideally, you wouldn’t leave paint in the sprayer overnight because the paint may dry on the nozzle and clog it. The system is somewhat “closed” to the elements, so it is ok to leave paint in the sprayer for short periods between use, such as overnight or for a break. Before using the sprayer, after it has sat, be sure to mix the paint in the container. Also, it will likely be necessary to remove paint from the hardened nozzle tip. Once it’s cleared, you should be good to go.

What Other Reviewers/Experts Had to Say

Five-star The Home Depot reviewer Brian1 claims, “I purchased the Flexio 3500 about six weeks ago when we were in the middle of remodeling our master bathroom. We had urethane-finished birch wood that we wanted painted. The sprayer delivered beyond our expectations. The finish was exceptional (factory-like finish). It was easy to use, and clean-up was a breeze.”

“So far, I’ve used it to paint doors and the whole exterior of my stucco house. It worked well. On stucco, it does cover in one go, but be ready to buy extra gallons of paint. I tried rolling, and the spray would cover way more in such a short time! It is super easy to clean thoroughly, ” says 5-star reviewer fonf64.

Eric on The Home Depot gives the Wagner Flexio 5 stars and says, “I bought this item just in case/backup for doing my house. I ended up having to use this for the whole house. The house came out great. Saved me about $20,000 to do this my self. The one thing that I wish there was an easier way to have a faster fill method. I believe that is what took me the longest to do. But besides [that], it’s great with thick and thin paint. I recommend this product 100 percent.”

Wagner Flexio 3500 vs Earlex HVLP Sprayer

Lately I’ve been using an Earlex HVLP sprayer for my smaller projects. The Earlex HVLP sprayer is a good comparison for the Wagner Flexio 3500 as they are both handheld HVLP sprayers. The Earlex comes in at a lower price and is lighter so let’s take a look at the usage.

The Earlex is differs from the Wagner in that it uses nozzles that are matched to your material and desired finish. On the other hand, the Wagner just has two nozzles—one for fine spraying and one for wider, textured spraying. Another key difference is that the air cap, either fine or wide spray, must be selected on the Earlex. The Earlex does not come with a case and it’s important to keep all the nozzles together with the sprayer. I keep my nozzles and tools in a plastic bag but still don’t have a convenient way to ensure that the bag is with the sprayer. It’s these factors along with the cleanup that makes the Wagner a clear winner for being easier to use.

Final Verdict

At first, I wasn’t convinced the two-nozzle solution was going to be adequate. It proved to be more than adequate and I’m sold. A lot of the experimentation and guesswork were taken away by knowing that the either nozzle could handle whatever material I was going to use. Plus, the cleanup was such a breeze that I don’t dread pulling out the sprayer. This sprayer will be taking a front-and-center space in my collection of painting tools. I look forward to more projects with it.

Where to Buy the Wagner Flexio 3500

You can pick up the Wagner Flexio at The Home Depot or order it online for under $180.

Wagner Flexio 3500 Paint Sprayer

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The post I Tried Out the Wagner Flexio 3500 Paint Sprayer and the Results Were Flawless appeared first on Family Handyman.

18062- Macungie, PA

Located just to the south of the much-larger Allentown, Macungie is a growing Pennsylvania borough within striking distance of several major metros on the eastern seaboard. Homes in Macungie spent an average of 16 days on the market in 2024, nearly a month less than the national average.

46322- Highland, IN

Highland’s popularity as a housing market is easy to explain. The city has a low-key, hometown feel but is just 41 minutes from Chicago. Highland also boasts a remarkably low median listing price of $254,000— a lower average price than every zip code on this list but one (more on that later.)

01085- Westfield, MA

Westfield is one of seven cities on this list clustered in the Northeastern U.S., so the region must be doing something right. Westfield’s location and affordability drove the highest number of viewers per property on Realtor.com in 2024, emphasizing the high housing demand in this zip code.

01453- Leominster, MA

The birthplace of Johnny Appleseed, Leominster is just 30 minutes north of Worcester and a little under an hour and a half outside of Boston. 36.4 percent of out-of-market viewers of Leominster listings on Realtor.com came from Boston, indicating a strong desire from potential homebuyers to leave the major city for the smaller, quieter suburb.

08054- Mount Laurel, NJ

Mount Laurel, NJ, sits just outside the Philadelphia metro, making it an attractive option for anyone looking to be centered between several major east coast cities. The township provides a nice dichotomy of lifestyles, with quick access to the bustle of many major cities as well as the nearby calm of the tranquil Rancocas State Park.

14609- Rochester, NY

Rochester’s median listing price of $165,000 was the lowest in the top ten zip codes. But if you want to get a bargain on a home in the area, you’ll have to act fast. Homes within the 14609 zip code also boasted the lowest average time on the market on the list, lasting just 8 days before being sold.

07920- Basking Ridge, NJ

Basking Ridge is on the opposite end of the spectrum from Rochester, with the median listing price for homes in the area sitting at a whopping $995,000. The real shocker is that these prices are still seen as bargains thanks to Basking Ridge’s proximity to much costlier real estate in the NYC metro.

01970- Salem, MA

More commonly found on lists like “the Spookiest Places in America,” Salem found itself near the top of the hottest zip codes list thanks to its relatively low listing prices and proximity to Boston. In fact, Salem properties listed on Realtor.com from January through June 2024 attracted 3.6 times as many views per listing compared to the national median.

63021- Ballwin, MO

Ballwin is the westernmost zip code in the top ten, and its location in the heart of the Midwest is a large part of what drove that position.  Ballwin’s popularity isn’t just a flash in the pan, either. This is the zip code’s second year in a row in the top ten, moving all the way from tenth to second from 2023 to 2024.

44320- Gahanna, OH

Speaking of consistency: Gahanna has been the hottest zip code in the U.S. for two straight years, warding off potential challengers thanks to its combination of low median housing prices and great location. Sitting just next to Colombus, Ohio and Ohio State University, Gahanna’s enticing union of middle-American charm and sought-after amenities make it a tough zip code to top— and we’ll have to wait until next year to see if anywhere can.

Sources

Realtor.com: “Hottest 2024 ZIP Codes” (2024)

The post Which Zip Codes Had the Hottest Housing Markets in 2024? appeared first on Family Handyman.

While some of our testing results were surprising, both models performed well in their capacities. The GLM100-23 proved easy to use and accurate indoors within sixteenth of an inch. The GLM50C performed well when paired with the app.

Here are our testing results for both Bosch laser tape measures, along with information about other Bosch models to help you decide if Bosch is the right brand for you and which model will fit your DIY or professional needs best.

What is a Bosch laser tape measure?

Understanding how to read a tape measure is crucial at home or on the job site. However, Bosch is working to simplify the task through its extensive lineup of laser measuring tools. The company offers multiple laser tape measures via its Blaze line, and there are models to meet any DIY budget.

Bosch also blurs the line between DIY and professional-grade laser measure tools, with some models featuring green lasers meant for outdoor use and others with Bluetooth and mobile app functionality.

Our product testing team noticed that the backlit displays of both models we tested were easy to read and navigate. Both were easy to operate, and using each felt intuitive to our testers. One tester noted that the GLM50C, the most expensive of the two, is designed well enough to perform well for both DIYers and pros alike.

The Bosch Laser Measure GLM100-23 is a simple laser measurement tool with fewer features. You might call it a laser measure for purists. Priced at around $45, our testers noted that it was the most compact laser tape measure they tested, and its accuracy is a plus for smaller projects.

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Bosch Laser Measure Features

Bosch GLM100-23

The Bosch GLM100-23 is the most basic of the two Bosch laser measure tools we tested. The GLM 100-23 would work well in a DIYer’s or professional’s tool kit to supplement a standard tape measure. The device features no metric measuring functions; however, it does have instant point-and-shoot measuring ability in an impressively compact design. It’s also incredibly accurate at taking precise measurements indoors.

Bosch GLM50C

The GLM50C is more advanced. Its many features make it a solid choice for professionals and avid DIYers who primarily work indoors. The tool incorporates a bright and easy-to-read screen, rotating display, canvas carrying case, clip and Bluetooth capability. Additionally, it’s designed for use with Bosch’s MeasureOn mobile app, which provides more advanced features as well.

How We Tested Them

Our testing team evaluated and tested both Bosch Laser Measure devices. The testers reported on everything from unboxing and standard use to mobile app functionality for each one.

Testing involved manually checking accuracy under several typical working conditions, reporting on the device’s size and comfort, operating all of the device’s functions and mixing combinations of functions when applicable. The product testers recorded their results as testing took place to ensure accuracy and minimize bias. Finally, the team generated a report that included their findings and a rating score for each tool.

The Bosch Laser Measure GLM100-23 ranked as the best basic laser measure in our review, and the Bosch Blaze GLM50C earned the badge of being the best splurge, according to the test results.

FAQ

How do you use a Bosch laser measure?

A digital tape measure guide can help you learn about all of the functions of a laser tape measure. However, we found the Bosch laser measures relatively easy to operate.

Some models only require you to point and shoot the device for an instant measurement reading, while others include functions to calculate areas and volumes of spaces. The processes for more complex models include setting your desired measurement (metric or standard), choosing the functions you wish it to perform and letting the device do the rest.

Can you calibrate the Bosch laser measure?

The user can’t calibrate typical consumer-grade Bosch laser measures. In most cases, the devices are accurate within 1/16th of an inch. However, if your Bosch laser measure is showing inaccuracies, there are a couple of things to check.

First, be sure the device is aimed correctly at the object you’re measuring. If that fails, try to aim at surfaces that aren’t shiny. Placing cardboard or something similar in front of a shiny object can increase accuracy. Finally, ensure there are no objects in the way of your measurement, including heavy airborne particles such as sawdust.

What app for Bosch laser measure?

Bosch provides its MeasureOn mobile app for use with its Bluetooth and app-compatible measuring devices. Our product testing team says the app is extremely useful and features excellent tools for avid DIYers, designers, construction workers and engineers.

What Others Have to Say

Reviews for Bosch laser measures, in general, are overwhelmingly positive, with 85% of The Home Depot reviewers recommending the product they purchased. The tools carry a 4.4 out of 5-star rating on the platform.

While the models we tested included red laser technology, intended for indoor use only, the company’s outdoor-capable green laser devices, such as the Blaze 165 ft Green Laser Distance Measuring Tool, also earn an average of 4.7 stars with The Home Depot customers.

Positive reviews typically cite the tools’ compact designs, lightweight, spot-on accuracy and durability as the reasons for the high praise. However, some negative reviews exist. Reports of inaccurate measurements and an inability to operate red laser technology devices outdoors are the top reasons for lower ratings.

Bosch Laser Measure vs. Leica Laser Measure

We also tested the Leica Laser Measure and compared it to our Bosch Blaze Bluetooth-Enabled device. While the devices are pretty similar in function, the Leica Laser Measure has a measuring capacity of up to 330 feet, while the Bosch maxes out at 165 feet.

Both devices can function with a proprietary mobile app and provide additional functions like distance measuring, multiple measurements, data-point storage, and area and volume calculations.

The Leica offers a Pythagoras function and a 60-second timer delay option. However, Bosch’s MeasureOn app is free to use, while Leica’s requires a paid subscription. The MeasureOn app from Bosch is more functional, too. Our testers discovered some connectivity troubles with the Leica app as well.

Additionally, the Leica tool is more costly, retailing for $199 against Bosch’s $119 price tag.

Final Verdict

While the two Bosch laser measuring tools we tested are very different from each other based on functionality, both impressed our testing team for performing well in compact, well-designed and easy-to-operate forms.

The lower-cost choice will best serve DIYers looking for a basic tool to make measuring distances easier than with a standard tape measure. The tool can also be a supplemental device for quick measurements and layouts.

The higher-cost Bosch device will work well for serious DIYers with a lot to accomplish, as well as for professionals who are looking for a fast way to convert numerous measurements into complex calculations.

While we were hoping to find a Bosch laser tape measure that we could use outdoors at an affordable cost, that didn’t pan out for us.

Where to Buy a Bosch Laser Measure

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Bosch GLM100-23 Laser Distance Measure

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Bosch offers numerous laser measure tool choices, ranging in price from under $50 to over $250 for its top-of-the-line professional-grade model, the Bosch GLM400CL, which includes up to 400 feet of measuring accuracy, Bluetooth compatibility and a camera viewfinder. You can shop the Bosch GLM100-23 for under $50 on Amazon and the Bosch GLM50C for $85 at The Home Depot.

The post Bosch Laser Measure Review: We Tried Two Models, and Here’s How it Went appeared first on Family Handyman.

“Green concrete is a game-changer in construction sustainability,” says Sofia Vyshnevska, co-founder of NewHomesMate. “It’s not a buzzword anymore. Its growth is being pushed by stronger environmental restrictions and a desire from both consumers and businesses for more sustainable building practices.”

If you’re curious about using it for your next project, here’s what to know about green cement and concrete.

What Is Green Concrete?

Green concrete, is an environmentally friendly alternative to regular concrete. There are many kinds of green concrete, but the aim of them all is to lessen the greenhouse gas emissions that come from the energy-intensive process of making regular cement (the main component of concrete).

This is important, because concrete is the most-used man-made material in the world, and the cement used in it is responsible for 8% of global carbon dioxide greenhouse gas emissions.

“The acceleration and deployment of green concrete technologies is, therefore, an imperative step to reaching net-zero emissions, leading to the crucial trendiness of decarbonized concrete solutions seen today,” says a spokesperson for CarbiCrete.

How Is Green Concrete Made?

The process for making green concrete and masonry products is often similar to making traditional cement, but instead it uses industrial byproducts that would otherwise go to waste, such as fly ash, silica fume and blast-furnace slag.

“This switch isn’t just about being environmentally friendly; it actually can boost the durability of the concrete and make it easier to work with,” says Steve Britchford, senior partner at Polycote.

Some companies, like CarbiCrete, are going a step further in decarbonizing. Besides replacing traditional cement with steel slag, CarbiCrete uses a carbon mineralization technology to capture and trap carbon in its products, permanently removing it from the atmosphere.

How Much Does Green Concrete Cost?

The cost of green concrete varies. Some products are a little more expensive, especially in locations remote from major cities, but others are comparable.

“As green technology becomes more widely used, the cost gap is shrinking,” says Vyshnevska.

Also, when you factor in green concrete’s overall benefits, like lower maintenance costs, greater durability, long-term savings on utility bills and environmental benefits, it’s usually worth the investment, says Britchford.

Green Concrete Pros and Cons

Pros of Green Concrete

• Reduced carbon emissions
• Usually more durable
• Often higher tensile strength and less prone to spalling
• Often, better temperature regulation or thermal rating
• Long-term energy savings
• Possible tax breaks
• Can help obtain LEED points for green building certification
• Often particularly well-suited for coastal and industrial projects
• Recycles industrial byproducts that would otherwise go to waste
• Less landscape damage and dust pollution from quarry mining
• Sometimes, less-intensive water use in manufacturing
• Inventive design and engineering opportunities.

“Green cement tends to be a great choice for areas like basements or garage floors because of its lasting durability and lower environmental change,” says Britchford.

Cons of Green Concrete

• Sometimes more expensive, depending on the type and process involved
• Not readily accessible in some locations
• Some require a learning curve in building techniques and engineering

Is Green Concrete Right for My Project?

Often, yes, green concrete will work for your project, but not always. It all comes down to how important sustainability is for your project versus the cost and availability of materials in your location.

“If sustainability is important to you and you operate in a region where green concrete is accessible, this is an excellent option,” says Vyshnevska. “The environmental benefits are enormous, and you’ll be helping to create a more sustainable future.”

About the Experts

• Sofia Vyshnevska is a housing expert and co-founder of NewHomesMate, a marketplace for new construction homes, where she focuses on evolving industry trends and manages a team of more than 100 employees.
• Steve Britchford is a senior partner at Polycote, a leading manufacturer and supplier of industrial building and maintenance products. Through his work on industrial floors, garages and basements, he’s become well-versed on the use of green concrete/cement.
• CarbiCrete is a Montreal-based carbon removal technology company developing innovative, low-cost building solutions that contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The company’s patented technology enables the production of cement-free, CO2-sequestering concrete.

The post What Is Green Concrete? It Could Change the Construction Game appeared first on Family Handyman.

Manufacturers have gone to great lengths to not only make them even safer but also more comfortable and, dare I say, attractive. Modern work boots claim to be safer, lighter and better fitting—and can be worn all day. Could it possibly be true?

Keen Utility’s Evanston boot is one of those new-era utility boots that challenge misconceptions. I tried them to see if they could withstand my everyday tasks and meet industrial standards. I was thrilled with these boots, so read on to hear why.

What is the Keen Utility Evanston Work Boot?

Keen Utility designed the Evanston work boot to meet the needs of many professionals. However, I found it practical for any application where comfort and safety are paramount. Keen Utility states that the work boot is great for assembly line workers, electricians, the aerospace industry and light manufacturing.

The boots tick all the boxes for standard work boots, with safety and meeting standards being the highest priorities. They’re a six-inch high waterproof boot suitable for many manufacturing and construction situations. Durable leather offers the wearer protection and makes the boots visually appealing.

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Keen Utility Evanston Work Boot Features

The Keen Utility Evanston Work Boot stands out with a suite of high-performance features designed for durability and safety. This boot is not only oil, slip and heat resistant, but also boasts a carbon-fiber toe. This makes them a lighter alternative to traditional steel toes while maintaining robust protection. Rated for electrostatic discharge (ESD), the boot ensures safe use in environments where static electricity is a concern.

The boot’s six-inch ankle height provides essential protection and stability, a crucial aspect both industrial settings and demanding work environments. The heat-resistant outsole further enhances durability, allowing the boot to withstand high temperatures without compromising performance or comfort.

The Keen Utility Evanston is equipped with Keen.ReGEN technology, a proprietary sole designed to offer 50% more energy return compared to standard foam soles. This technology helps reduce fatigue and increases comfort during long hours on your feet. Additionally, the boot features a 90-degree heel (half an inch) that contributes to its stability and balance.

The eyelets are constructed from plastic rather than metal, minimizing the risk of marring highly finished surfaces—a thoughtful detail for professionals working with delicate materials. The boots also have reflective elements for enhanced visibility in low-light conditions.

The leather used is barnyard resistant, meaning it effectively withstands the detrimental effects of common livestock-related hazards like oleic acid and urea.

Furthermore, the Leather Working Group certifies the leather as “environmentally preferred,” which ensures that the tanneries adhere to rigorous environmental standards, including waste management and greenhouse gas reduction.

As an extra bonus, the boots are PFA-free and contain no “forever chemicals.”

How We Tested the Keen Utility Evanston Work Boot

The boots arrived by mail in terrific packaging—a sturdy boot box that I’ll be reusing. The boots were pre-laced and ready to use, so I put them on my feet around 8:30 a.m. As someone who dislikes wearing shoes and only wears them as a necessity—something I equate to foot prison—I didn’t even think to take these brand-new boots off my feet for almost 12 hours!

I wear a Euro size 39 with a narrow-to-normal width foot and received a U.S. women’s 8.5 medium boot. The fit was perfect, and Keen’s signature roomy toe box was a welcome relief for my claustrophobic toes and the real or imagined widening of my foot as I age. The cushioned part around the ankle felt comfy and didn’t give me that restrictive feeling I get when I revisit my early 90s hipster days and wear my heavy, black ankle boots.

I wasn’t going to test the carbon fiber toe for safety as they did once on Myth Busters (anyone else see that episode?), but the toe was clearly fortified. I felt confident that my tootsies were in safe hands and opted out of dropping a toolbox on my foot. Another welcome surprise was that the composite toe was not even noticeable, even as my toes were bent, which is something I’ve struggled with in other steel-toed boots.

I spent the remainder of the day doing various chores in these boots. I weeded, ran the string trimmer, cleaned gutters and dug up volunteer lemongrass that was invading my flower beds. I walked on grass, mud and mulch. I even took my daily multi-mile walk on asphalt in these boots because it didn’t occur to me to change my shoes.

Keen Utility boasts that the heel design of these boots helps secure the foot in place on ladders. While climbing the ladder to clean my gutters, I felt absolutely confident. While digging with a shovel and on the ladder rungs, the sole’s sturdiness did not cause discomfort or fatigue. As the day went by, I was so very surprised that my ankles also did not feel any chafing or excessive pressure.

Pros:

• Certified for safety standards and ESD
• Comfortable
• Lightweight
• Environmentally preferred leather
• Reflective
• Chemical and biological resistant leather
• Multiple widths

Cons:

• No color selection for women
• Limited sizes in both men’s and women’s styles

Why Trust Me

I’ve been wearing work boots for most of my adult life. I’ve lived and worked on an organic farm, worked as a land surveyor in many regulated environments, owned a landscaping company and done gobs of contracting work in painting and basic carpentry. Nothing makes my work easier than comfortable and practical footwear.

As a professional product reviewer, I am committed to considering my needs and those of others when evaluating products. The boots are no exception, and I considered many factors in order to give a fair assessment. I looked at both my personal needs and those of people of different sizes and in various industries.

FAQ

Are Keen boots good for work?

There are many types of work boots that are certified for certain industrial uses and safety issues. Many Keen utility boots are approved for these uses and, therefore, are excellent work boots. Keen also has hiking boots and casual boots that may be suitable for certain work environments.

Are Keen shoes good for your feet?

They’re certainly not bad for your feet! In fact, with the arch support, protection and roomy toe box, your feet are getting the royal treatment as far as footwear goes. Keen utility boots come with a 30-day trial, so if you find that they are not meeting your needs, you can return them.

Are Keen boots waterproof? 

Some Keen boots are waterproof. The Evanston boot reviewed is rated as waterproof and is indicated for wet and dry use. If waterproof boots are a must, be sure to check the manufacturer’s stated uses and capabilities.

What Other Reviewers/Experts Had to Say

LaRita B. gives a 5-star review on Keen’s site, saying, “Wide enough!!!!! Yes, finally, Keen listened! These safety-toe boots are wide enough to fit my foot. Thanks, well done.”

Vicki Rose, owner of SPC Specialty Products, a woman-owned business serving the manufacturing and energy sectors, says, “I wear industrial boots daily for work. This boot meets all the safety requirements, looks good, and even comes in a women’s 5, which is perfect for me.”

“Best boot ever,” says Jade P on Keen’s site. “I bought these off of a recommendation from a coworker. So comfortable, even without another insole! My blisters I got from my other boots went away, and because of the composite toe all my ankle pain is gone (because my old boots were too heavy). Seriously the best purchase I’ve ever made.”

Keens vs. Red Wings

I compared these boots to a pair of Redwing steel-toed boots that I used to wear for work and found the Keens have far more support and cushioning. The carbon fiber toe was not even noticeable on the Keens, as opposed to the discomfort inflicted on my foot by the old-school steel toe.

I also compared the Keen to a newer pair of steel-toed Red Wings side-by-side and found the comfort and styling to be somewhat equal, but the Keen was significantly lighter.

Final Verdict

The extensive listing of safety ratings on this boot makes it viable for almost all work conditions. The wonderful support and comfort allow for all-day wearing without the need to break them in. It’s stylish, too. I was unable to come up with really any criticisms of this boot, so I 100% recommend it. There’s nothing to risk thanks to Keen’s 30-day return period, so try out a pair for yourself.

Where to Buy

You can find Keen Utility’s Evanston boot on Amazon and Zappos for around $150. The sizing is accurate, and with Keen’s 30-day return policy, the risk of buying shoes online is minimized.

On Sale

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The post Keen Utility’s New Work Boot is the Perfect Boot for Almost Everything appeared first on Family Handyman.

Ahead, find tips from law enforcement and consumer protection professionals on how to avoid falling victim to these often persuasive scammers.

What Is a Home Repair Scam?

Home repair scams can take various forms but generally result in homeowners paying for repairs or services that are never started, left unfinished or, done poorly. The contractor’s intent is to intentionally defraud a homeowner for financial gain. “These issues are frustrating for consumers as often money is wasted, or the home can be left in a chaotic state,” says Layla R. D’Emilia, the Massachusetts Undersecretary of the Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation.

Popular Home Repair Scams

Most home repair scams begin right on your doorstep, as it is a popular technique to go door to door.

Fast and cheap post-disaster repairs

After a natural disaster, watch out for contractors who show up to your house promising low-cost repairs done quickly. While tempting, these are often out-of-state or unlicensed workers who simply take a down payment and disappear.

Door-to-door “free” inspection scam

This home repair scam often starts when a contractor unexpectedly knocks on your door, offering a free home inspection. During the inspection, they “discover” an urgent issue and ask for upfront payment to quickly make repairs. The work is often poorly done or left incomplete.

Bait and switch

This home repair scam begins with an extremely low estimate designed to lure the homeowner. Once hired, “unforeseen issues” arise, significantly increasing the cost, often to the amount of the original highest bidder.

To avoid this one, I always try to obtain three estimates and choose the one in the middle, no matter how tempting the low estimate may be.

Signs a Contractor Is Scamming You

Like the two gentlemen that knocked on my door, pressured sales tactics is a classic sign you’re being scammed. You should never have to sign up or pay for something “right now” or else lose your chance. Other signs you’re being scammed include:

• A contractor demands full payment before work begins.
• You’ll get a discount because the contractor has leftover materials from another job.
• A contractor refuses to draw up a contract.
• Payment methods will only be cash or through an on-line payment app.
• A contractor asks you to pull permits with your municipality.

Tips to Avoid Contractor Scams

Jennifer Gundersen, Chief of Police for the town of South Hadley, Massachusetts, recommends asking neighbors and friends for contractor recommendations to avoid falling victim to home repair scams.

Other ways to protect yourself include:

• Ask for and check professional references
• Verify contractors are licensed, bonded and insured
• Require a detailed, written estimate with a clear payment schedule and work timeline
• Avoid door-to-door contractors
• Never sign something or make a payment under pressure
• Never make a large down payment before work has begun

What to Do If You Think You’re Being Scammed

“If you think you are the victim of a contractor scam, contact your local police department right away,” Gundersen says. She recommends taking a photo of the license plates of any worker vehicles so you can provide this information to the police if necessary. “You should [also] file a complaint against the contractor with your state’s relevant agency, such as consumer affairs or the attorney general,” D’Emilia says.

Other resources include your state’s Office of Consumer Affairs or Attorney General. Both can help you lodge formal complaints or take legal action.

About the Expert

• Jennifer Gundersen is the Chief of Police for the town of South Hadley, Massachusetts. She has been in this role since 2019 and began her law enforcement career in 1994.
• Layla R. D’Emilia is the Undersecretary of the Office of Consumer Affairs and Business Regulation in the state of Massachusetts. She was appointed to this position in 2023 and oversees the office and its five affiliated agencies.

Sources

New York State Department of Financial Services “Beware of Home Repair Scams”

The post How To Avoid Getting Scammed by Contractors After Natural Disasters appeared first on Family Handyman.

The housing affordability crisis is a multi-headed issue that supply alone can’t realistically change. Let’s take a look at some of those factors to get a better understanding of housing affordability and why it’s not improving.

How Is Housing Demand Determined?

First, let’s take a look at housing demand. It’s a major driving factor in the affordability of the existing homes on the market, and it’s worth exploring, as housing demand itself is a world of gray area.

Housing demand is defined by comparing two factors: the number of homes available on the market compared to the number of families likely to be seeking a home of their own at a given time. The number of houses on the market can fluctuate, but defining “likely to be seeking a home” is like trying to hit a moving target. Over the past few years, job markets, interest rates, inflation, remote work, and other socioeconomic factors have redefined the ways we shop for everything—especially major purchases like homes.

But, regardless of how we define demand, it’s clear to see that it’s increasing. More people are looking for homes each year than there are homes available, and it’s continuing to worsen.

With Booming Production, Why Aren’t Homes Affordable?

Despite the boom in production in 2023, houses are still unaffordable in 2024. The rules of supply and demand would suggest that increasing inventory would lead to lower prices, so what’s the issue? How is it possible that 1.5 million homes were completed in 2023, but we still didn’t increase supply?

Supply Isn’t Outpacing Growth

According to a recent Zillow report, at any given time in 2022, there were about 3.55 million homes available for sale or for rent. There were over 8 million individuals or families “likely to be seeking a home” throughout the year. That’s a deficit of 4.5 million homes—up 200,000 from the previous year.

And it continues to worsen. That 8 million figure was an increase of 1.8 million from 2022. Those numbers represent a significant surge from the years prior to the pandemic, creating even more pressure on the already burdened housing market.

Considering the existing deficit and growth in family numbers, adding 1.5 million homes doesn’t scratch the surface. Sure, it changes the ratio of home shoppers to homes available slightly, but it doesn’t come close to offsetting the supply issue contributing to unaffordable prices. The lack of strong construction activity before the pandemic dug a hole that current construction activity can’t seem to climb out of.

With all of this information, we can see that supply and demand simply aren’t changing much despite completing record numbers of homes. When that’s the case, housing prices are unlikely to drop, sustaining affordability challenges.

Homeowners Are Reluctant to Sell

Another factor in the housing affordability issue is that most homeowners today are reluctant to sell—even if their homes are worth two or three times what they paid for them. How could that be? Interest rates.

At the time of writing this article, the current mortgage rate is between 7% and 8%. If a homeowner were to sell their home now, they still need a place to live. This often means getting another mortgage with an interest rate higher than their current mortgage. Plus, the type of home they’ll be able to afford is likely very similar to the one they’d be selling, even if they profit considerably and put down a large down payment.

What if they rent? As of May 2024, rents have increased an average of 30.4% nationwide between 2019 and 2023. While it may be an option, it’s not an attractive one.

So, with so many homeowners being reluctant to add their homes to the housing market, those that are on the market are likely to command a premium, compounding the housing affordability issue.

Some Areas Are Worse Than Others

Housing affordability is a nationwide challenge, but some areas are worse than others. Coastal markets are feeling it the most. The areas of and around Boston, Sacramento, Portland, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose, Seattle, Minneapolis, Los Angeles, and Austin have the worst affordability mountains to climb.

These areas are generally desirable to younger professionals raising families. The areas’ exceptional school systems, healthcare, and job opportunities increase the demand for housing— and, subsequently, the prices. Surprisingly, two of those cities (Austin and Seattle) have also seen the largest increases in housing supply, proving that supply alone cannot solve affordability.

So, What Can Be Done?

There aren’t any switches to flip or buttons to press to bring the housing affordability problem to a halt. But, there are a few things that experts believe will help:

• Policy support and more money spent on affordable housing development
• Rezoning single-family home zones to allow for multi-family construction
• Streamlining the building permit approval process to allow for faster construction
• Establishing affordable housing trust funds or expanding existing funds

While none of these strategies are a solution on their own, they’re each a step in the right direction. As family volumes increase faster than housing completions, we’ll need as much help as possible to offset the challenge of housing affordability now and in the future.

Sources

• Business Insider, Why America’s Housing Shortage Is Getting Worse (2024)
• Zillow, Housing Shortage Worsened Despite Pandemic Construction Boom (2024)
• Fast Markets, US Housing Market Analysis: Are we in the midst of an affordability crisis? (2o24)

The post Construction Is Booming, So Why Is Housing So Unaffordable? appeared first on Family Handyman.

Lumber prices impact much more than just the lumber industry. For homeowners, fluctuating lumber prices can alter budgets for home improvement projects, additions and new home construction plans. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many of my customers decided to hold off on planned projects to wait for lumber prices to fall. Some asked me to explain rising lumber costs to them, which proved to be a complex process.

Ahead, find a straightforward breakdown of the key elements affecting lumber prices, from market demand to futures trading, with insights from Michael King from Fleury Lumber.

Are Lumber Prices Going Up or Down in 2024?

Lumber prices appear to be going down in 2024, though incrementally. After experiencing severe volatility during the pandemic, lumber prices have been trending downward since 2022. Depending on what happens during the rest of 2024, prices appear to be on track to stay about the same. “Everything seems to be pretty stable,” King says, “unless something happens to send prices up again.”

What Is the Average Cost for Lumber?

As of this writing, average costs for lumber are as follows:

How Are Lumber Prices Determined?

Many factors determine the price of lumber, from hyper-localized weather events to global financial markets.

What factors impact lumber prices?

Lumber prices are always related to supply and demand — the amount of lumber available compared to the amount consumers need. If supply is higher than demand, prices are lower, and prices rise if there is more demand than supply.

What factors impact lumber supply?

The amount of lumber harvested, produced and shipped is influenced by several key elements in the lumber supply chain. “Availability is a key price factor,” King says.

• Production: Production levels can be affected by labor issues, sawmill closures and land access.
• Natural disasters: Weather events can greatly impact the amount of available raw lumber. “Some of the hurricanes in the past have caused plywood prices to go up temporarily,” King says.
• Government policies: Forestry management laws, international tariffs and environmental policies control the amount of lumber that can be produced and exported.
• Shipping and receiving: How quickly lumber can be transported to consumers contributes to supply levels. “Through COVID, we couldn’t get anything,” King says, contributing to higher prices.

What factors impact demand for lumber?

Demand levels for lumber fluctuate due to economic and consumer trend cycles.

• Economic conditions: Times of economic growth typically lead to increased home construction rates and rising lumber demands.
• Interest rates: Low interest rates mean lower borrowing costs, which stimulate new construction projects and, in turn, increase the demand for lumber.
• Construction industry: More new construction projects cause a higher lumber demand.
• Consumer trends: Homeowner demand for lumber-based home improvement projects like decks and additions can impact lumber prices.

Lumber Futures Explained

Lumber contracts bought and sold in a regulated commodities market and lumber futures also influence lumber prices.

What are lumber futures?

Lumber futures are high-volume lumber contracts traded by investors and lumber industry stakeholders through the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). Similar to the New York Stock Exchange, the CME trades commodities and goods contracts rather than stocks.

How do lumber futures work?

Lumber futures contracts are standardized to facilitate trading within the CME. Standardization includes order size (typically 27,500 board feet), price per thousand board feet (varies) and delivery schedules (specific months). Lumber producers, sawmills or large construction companies buy and sell these contracts to minimize their exposure to price volatility. Investors can also buy lumber futures.

Most lumber futures contracts are bought and sold before expiring. Instead of receiving delivery of the lumber, the contract is sold for a cash loss or profit.

How do lumber futures affect retail prices?

Lumber futures provide a market outlook several months ahead, which impacts price expectations. When futures prices rise, retailers expect to pay higher prices to replenish their inventory, so retail prices rise. If futures prices drop, retailers can lower prices as the expected price to replenish stock decreases.

Lumber futures also provide consumers with relatively stable lumber prices.

Lumber futures prices now

From the summer of 2020 to spring 2022, the lumber futures market experienced unprecedented instability due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In January 2020, lumber futures were trading at $435.50 per thousand board feet (MFBM) and had reached $980 MFBM by the end of the summer. After a brief dip in the winter, by the spring of 2021 prices had shot up to $1,500 MFBM due to labor shortages, a spike in demand and delivery delays. Several more drastic ups and downs occurred until prices finally stabilized in the summer of 2022.

As of this writing, lumber futures are trading at $446 MFBM, and 2024 prices are down 15.2 percent from last year.

Hardwood vs. Softwood Prices

Retail lumber prices are different for hardwood and softwood species.

How are hardwood prices determined?

Hardwood prices consider the wood species, the grade and the cut of the wood.

Why is hardwood more expensive?

Hardwood trees grow slowly and are subject to more environmental regulations, which limits supply. “There are fewer hardwood trees, and it is harder to find,” King says.

Four Tips for Saving Money on Lumber

Reduce waste

Plan your project and lumber order carefully to maximize board usage. “Try to end up with the least amount of waste,” King says. This will save you money.

Buy from a wholesale lumber provider

Wholesale lumber companies buy high-volume orders for less and can pass these savings on to you.

Use lower-grade lumber

Use lower-grade lumber in places that will not be seen and save more expensive finish-grade lumber for visible surfaces.

Use shortboards

Lumber shortboards are shorter lengths of lumber, typically less than 8 feet, that can be used for smaller projects to minimize waste.

Purchase in volume

For larger projects, it can save you money to purchase all of your lumber at once.

About the Expert

• Michael King works in contractor sales at Fleury Lumber, a full-service lumberyard in Easthampton, Massachusetts. He has worked at Fleury Lumber for over 20 years in various roles.

Sources

• CME Group, An Introductory Guide to Random Length Lumber Futures and Options.
• Madison’s Lumber Report, Lumber Prices Go Lower as Summer Downtime Approaches. (2024)
• Statista, Monthly Price of lumber in the United States from January 2016 to February 2024. (2024)

The post Lumber Prices Explained: What DIYers Need to Know appeared first on Family Handyman.

A malfunctioning TPR valve is as dangerous as one that isn’t there, and if you haven’t checked the one on your water heater recently, you really have no idea whether it’s working properly or not.

Water from your faucet that’s hot enough to scald you and unusually high water pressure are two signs of dangerous conditions in your water heater tank. If the TPR valve isn’t working, you’re courting disaster — maybe not an actual explosion, but definitely the possibility of a tank rupture.

Here’s how to check your TPR valve and, if necessary, replace it.

What Is a TPR Valve?

“The Temperature and Pressure Relief (TPR) valve on your water heater is a critical safety feature designed to release water if the temperature or pressure inside the tank gets too high,” explains Calgary plumber Asif Bux.

The TPR valve is a spring-loaded, brass valve located on the top of the tank or on the side near the top. If it has been installed according to code, it’s connected to a discharge pipe that runs along the side of the tank and terminates six inches above the floor. However, many TPR valves have been installed incorrectly and lack this pipe. Whether installed correctly or not, the TPR valve is there for one reason: to maintain the pressure inside the tank at a safe level.

How Does a TPR Valve Work?

A TPR valve is very simple: It’s in a cylindrical brass housing about four inches long with a 3/4-inch inlet and a perpendicular 3/4-inch outlet. The inlet is screwed directly into the tank, and the valve has an internal spring-loaded flapper designed to open when the tank pressure exceeds its preset limit. On the top of the housing is a metal lever that allows a homeowner or plumber to test it by manually opening it.

When the tank’s internal pressure exceeds its limit, the TPR valve opens, allowing steam and hot water to spray from the outlet until the tank pressure drops below the limit. If the valve has no discharge tube, the spray could injure anyone standing nearby, which is why the plumbing code requires the tube. It screws into the outlet and directs outflow directly at the floor, where it can’t hurt anyone.

How to Tell If Your TPR Valve Leaks

“If your TPR valve is leaking, it indicates that it is doing its job, but it also signals a potential issue that needs to be addressed,” says Bux. While a leaking TPR valve isn’t as dangerous as one that won’t open, it could well be a warning of dangerously high pressure in the tank. Here are some signs of a leaking valve:

• Water on the floor under the discharge tube.
• Water is dripping from the valve outlet. You’ll only see this if there’s no discharge tube.
• Water seeps around the connection between the valve and the tank.

If you see signs of a leak, the first thing to do, according to Mazzacone, is to check the home’s water pressure. You can do this by screwing a pressure gauge onto an outdoor faucet or one in the laundry room and opening the faucet all the way. If the pressure is above residential limits (usually from 60 to 80 psi), you may need to adjust the pressure-reducing valve (PRV) located near the water meter to lower it.

A valve will also leak if the tank water temperature is too high, and this is probably true if the water from the faucets is too hot to touch. Adjust the temperature control on the front of the tank to 120 to 140 degrees F to see if that stops the leak.

How to Replace a TPR Valve

Before assuming the valve needs to be replaced, Bux recommends testing it. Use the lever to manually open the valve and let water spray out (take appropriate safety precautions if there’s no discharge tube), then release the lever. Sometimes, debris lodges in the valve, preventing it from closing, and this should clear it out.

If the valve continues to leak, Mazzacone advises checking the expansion tank. “We often find that expansion tanks are either not installed to code or missing entirely, requiring installation or replacement to solve the issue.”

Whether or not the expansion tank is working properly, if your TPR valve is leaking, it should be replaced. Here’s how Bux does this simple procedure:

1. Let the water cool: Turn off the gas or electricity and let the tank’s water cool to a safe temperature.
2. Drain the tank: Drain a few gallons of water from the tank to lower the water level below the TPR valve. Use the drain valve at the bottom of the tank and a garden hose to direct the water to a safe location.
3. Remove the old valve: Use a wrench to unscrew the old TPR valve. Be cautious, as the valve might be corroded or tight.
4. Install the new valve: Wrap plumbing tape around the threads of the new TPR valve and screw it into place. Ensure it is securely tightened, but avoid over-tightening.
5. Restore power and water: Turn the water supply back on and restore power or gas to the water heater. Check for leaks around the new TPR valve.

FAQs

What If your TPR valve Is stuck?

You should test your TPR valve every six to 12 months or so by opening the lever and ensuring water sprays out. If nothing happens, the internal mechanism is probably stuck. In this case, immediately turn off the gas or electricity and replace the valve when the water cools.

What’s the difference between a TPR valve and a drain valve?

All water heater tanks have both valves. The TPR valve is at the top and opens automatically to release steam and lower pressure. The drain valve is at the bottom, and you open it manually to allow water out of the tank.

Do tankless water heaters have a TPR valve?

No. Tankless (on-demand) water heaters have no tank, so they don’t need a TPR valve to release pressure. They don’t have a drain valve, either.

Troubleshooting Common Water Heater Repairs

Learn how to troubleshoot and fix common water heater problems, from pilot light issues to leaks, with simple step-by-step solutions and maintenance tips.

• DIY Water Heater Testing and Repair
• How Long Do Water Heaters Last?
• How to Extend Your Water Heater’s Lifespan
• How to Dispose of a Water Heater
• Tankless Water Heater Myths You Need to Stop Believing
• Water Heater Leaking from Drain Valve? Here’s What to Do
• A Water Heater Vent Installed Like This Can Have Lethal Consequences
• How to Fix a Water Heater Pilot Light
• How to Replace a Water Heater Thermocouple
• What to Do If Your Water Heater Has a Defective Dip Tube
• Water Heater Anode Rod Replacement

About the Experts

• Robert Mazzacone is a third-generation licensed master plumber and owner of Mazzacone Plumbing & Heating, based in Westchester County, NY.
• Asif Bux is the service manager of Comfort Union, a plumbing, electrical and HVAC company located in Calgary, AB.

The post Is Your Water Heater’s TPR Valve Leaking? Here’s What to Do appeared first on Family Handyman.

PVC Picket Pool Fence

A cozy home with a white picket fence is the American dream for many—so why not install one around your pool? This fence from @libertyfence offers a clean and traditional look, but because it’s made from PVC, it’s extremely durable and low maintenance.

What We Like About It: A white picket fence meets safety requirements without diminishing the beauty of the pool design.

Vertical Design Pool Fence

If you prefer a modern aesthetic, check out this pool fence from @cos.design. The vertical bars are installed with a hidden bottom rail to create a floating illusion, and an overall more streamlined design. The vertical lines are repeated in the larger perimeter fence for a cohesive look.

What We Like About It: Eliminating horizontal rails makes the fence safer because there are no footholds that a child can use to climb over the fence.

Glass Panel Pool Fence

One drawback to a pool fence is it blocks the view of your gorgeous pool. But that’s not an issue with a glass fence! The nearly invisible fence, like this one from @glassvice, safely secures the pool without sacrificing scenery. To keep it clean, wipe the glass down with soapy water every 8 weeks or so.

What We Like About It: The frameless glass panels are made from durable tempered glass and are climb-resistant.

Powder-Coated Steel Pool Fence

This sharp-looking pool fence from @yardlinkfence features powder-coated steel fence panels which are long-lasting and maintenance free. The black grid design offers a nice modern farmhouse style, and it’s transparent enough that it doesn’t obstruct pool views.

What We Like About It: Powder coating is more durable than paint and helps prevent chipping and rust.

Note to editor: I’ve had trouble securing image permissions for this article, so I reused this image from one of my older articles found here: https://www.familyhandyman.com/list/affordable-fence-ideas/

@foxterradesign How to keep your pool safe? Here’s one solution we like to use on irregular shaped pools! 🙌🏼 #poolsafety #pooldesign #pool #poolfence #backyardtransformation #swimmingpool #luxuryhomes ♬ original sound – Foxterra Design

Removable Pool Fence

A temporary mesh pool fence, like the one shown here from @foxterradesign, is a good choice if you want the option to remove the fence when your kids are older. But don’t let the “removable” label fool you, these types of fences are sturdy. The Life Saver Pool Fence features mesh rated to withstand 387 pounds per square inch, and each individual pole has been tested to withstand over 105 pounds of horizontal pressure.

What We Like About It: A removable fence means you don’t have to commit to the design requirements or cost of permanent fencing.

@ngc.fence #jacksonvilleflorida #fyp #fencework #fernandinabeach #yulee #contractor #contractor #familytime #stjohns #stagustine #yulee #backyard #fencebuild #fence ###allgrup ♬ Summer Vibes – GRLN

Aluminum Pool Fence

A simple black aluminum pool fence like this one from @ngc.fence is resistant to rust, low maintenance and can last a lifetime. The classic style looks nice without distracting from the beauty of the pool. This fence also features a wood slat privacy screen which is a great way to break up the design and add seclusion.

What We Like About It: A high-quality aluminum fence can last up to 50 years if properly maintained.

@woodandvinylfence Love God; love others; do your best in all you do, Do your best when no one is looking. If you do that, then you can be successful in anything that you put your mind to!! 🥰🇺🇸😎👌 #Custom #Made #Luxary #Fences #HardWork #Wood #Vinyl #Fence #NewYork #Connecticut #USA #NY #CT #WoodLover #LifeIsGood #Patio #poolday #fenceideas #homeideas #backyardideas #vinylfencing #IllusionsFence #EasternFence #InterstateFence #WholesaleFence #StoneWall #americanmade #madeinamerica #madeintheusa #illusionsfence #illusionsvinylfence #vinylwoodfence #fence #vinylfence #fenceproducts #rosewoodfence #lattice #fencecontractor #fencecompany #illusionsfence #easternfence #wholesalefence #fencemanufacturer #fenceinstaller #fencinstallation #fenceclimbing #Trending ♬ Legend – Marcos Yap

Wood and Mesh Fence

This custom pool fence from @woodandvinylfence has gorgeous wood posts and frames, along with mesh panels for safety. The rustic materials blend nicely with the landscaping and scenery. The transparent mesh ensures unobstructed views of both the pool and surrounding nature.

What We Like About It: Wood elements in your pool fence require more maintenance, but the rich color and texture can’t be beat!

@earlywinefenceanddesign #fence #fencebuilding #construction #pool #fyp #foryoupage ♬ Don’t Worry, Be Happy – The Hitsingers

Horizontal Slat Fence

Here’s a classic cedar wood fence with horizontal slats from @earlywinefenceanddesign. This type of fence offers more privacy because of the minimal gap between the slats. Cedar wood is naturally resistant to sun fading, rot, and decay; but consider waterproof sealing to extend the lifetime even more.

What We Like About It: The small spaces between the slats give the fence a modern look and deter climbing.

About the Expert

• Anthony Strianese is the owner of Liberty Fence & Railing, a licensed fence company operating for nearly five decades in New York. They specialize in manufacturing and installing PVC vinyl fences.

The post 8 Pool Fence Ideas for Your Backyard appeared first on Family Handyman.

Understanding the differences between annuals, perennials, and biennials is essential knowledge for any aspiring gardener. Each type of plant has a unique life cycle and growth pattern, contributing differently to a garden’s overall aesthetics and maintenance needs.

I largely base my plant choices in my gardens around these three categories. Annuals and biennials are great for a splash of color, while perennials add substance and depth to any garden bed.

Ahead, learn all about annuals, perennials and biennials from two landscaping experts — Ricky Lateurrer from Lateurrer Gardens and Landscaping and Joyce Corbett from Class Courtyards.

What Is an Annual Plant?

An annual plant completes a full life cycle in a single growing season. Annuals aim to reseed themselves and do not go dormant and return in the spring. Instead, they germinate, flower and produce seeds within a single season. These seeds then begin a new annual cycle in the spring, continuing to set seed for future plants. “Annuals are my favorite part of my garden,” Corbett says. “I have fun picking out new ones each year.”

Some annuals are perennials grown outside their normal United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Hardiness Zone. “A lot of our annuals in New England are considered perennials in the South,” Corbett says. Because they cannot withstand freezing temperatures, these ‘winter annuals’ will live in colder climates during spring and summer months and then die off in winter. They will not regrow in the spring and require annual replanting.

How long do annual plants live?

A growing season or a year, depending on the plant and climate.

When to plant annuals

“You’ll want to plant annuals in the spring,” Corbett says. When spring actually occurs will depend on the USDA Hardiness Zone in which you live. In Southern California, this could be March, whereas in Northern Maine, it would be April or May.

What are common annual plants?

Begonia, Petunia, Lantana, Impatiens, Sunflowers, Zinnias and Marigolds are popular annual flowering plants.

Does an annual plant come back every year?

No, an annual plant does not come back every year. Annuals will not regrow and need to be reseeded or replanted each year. What they lack in longevity, they make up for with long flowering periods. “I think of annuals as a seasonal decoration that spruces up a garden,” Lateurrer says.

What Is a Perennial Plant?

A perennial plant lives at least two years, but there are some that can survive for 10 to 15 years or longer once planted. Perennials grow and flower through spring, summer and fall, then go dormant during colder months.

Perennial shrubs may lose their leaves, but woody growth remains. Other perennials lose all green growth during winter, but regrow from dormant root systems.

How long do perennial plants live?

At least two to three years, but some can live for decades. Most perennial flowers live between two and ten years, while shrubs can live longer. “I’ve dug up perennials from gardens that have been there for over 20 years,” Lateurrer says.

When to plant perennials

“[Planting perennials in] either spring or fall is a good time,” Lateurrer says. “You want to avoid the heat of the summer.” If you’re excited to see flowers right away, plant in the spring. If you can wait for flowers, plant in the fall to avoid watering all summer while the plant establishes. “You’ll really save on your water bill by planting in the fall,” Corbett says.

What are common perennial plants?

Perennial flowering plants include Peony, Daylilly, Iris, Seedum, Hosta, Phlox and Lavender. Perennial shrubs include Hydrangea, Azalea, Rhododendron, Butterfly Bush, Forsythia, Lilacs and Roses.

Do perennial plants come back every year?

Yes, perennial plants come back yearly. These hard-working, low-maintenance plants come back every year for at least two years, typically more.

What Is a Biennial Plant?

Unlike annuals, biennial plants take two years to complete a full life cycle. Generally, the first season is spent growing roots, leaves and stems, while the second season is devoted to flowering, growing and setting seeds.

How long do biennial plants live?

Biennials live for two years.

When to plant biennial plants

Summer or fall are ideal times to plant biennial plants. As long as they have enough time to establish roots and some growth before a frost, they will return to flower and seed in the spring.

What are common biennial plants?

Black Eyed Susans, Hollyhocks, Foxglove, Sweet William, Honesty, Delphinium and Evening Primrose are popular choices for biennial plants.

Do biennial plants come back?

Yes, biennial plants come back. The same biennial plant will return for one season after going dormant during winter. However, biennials can reseed and continue to grow as new plants. The Black Eyed Susans I planted a few years ago keep reseeding and spreading. The original plant is not alive, but through reseeding, Black Eyed Susans return each year.

FAQs

Annuals, perennials and biennials: Can you plant them in pots?

Yes, you can plant annuals, perennials and biennials in pots. Flowering annuals can, and often are, planted in pots. Perennials and biennials are typically planted in the ground to protect dormant root systems. However, some can be grown successfully in pots. A good rule of thumb is to choose cold-tolerant plants at least two zones colder than the climate you live in. This way the root system will withstand the colder soil temperatures in a pot.

Annuals, perennials, and biennials: Which are easiest to care for?

Perennials are the easiest to care for. Once established, perennials will return year after year. Lateurrer finds perennial favorites Daylilly, Hosta and Iris to be “the most low maintenance and drought tolerant.”

About the Experts

Joyce Corbett is the owner of Classic Courtyards in West Springfield, Massachusetts. She has over forty years of landscaping design and installation experience.

Ricky Lateurrer is the owner of Lateurrer Gardens and Landscaping, a full-service residential landscaping company in Longmeadow, Massachusetts.

The post What is the Difference Between Annuals, Perennials and Biennials appeared first on Family Handyman.

What is hard water, you ask? Well, in the simplest terms, it’s water with a high mineral content, but there’s a more precise definition. According to Kelly Russum, a plumber who serves California’s Coachella Valley, water analysts measure hardness in GPG (grains per gallon), where one grain is 64.8 mg. of calcium. “Soft water has GPG lower than 1, and hard water is considered when GPG is 7 or more.” In other words, a gallon of hard water contains half a gram of minerals — usually more.

Water with a high mineral content causes all sorts of problems, including:

• Mineral stains on bathroom fixtures, faucets and other appliances;
• Sediment buildup in water heater tanks;
• Blockages in faucets and plumbing pipes;
• Dry hair, itchy skin and reduced effectiveness of soap.
• Foul-tasting and discolored drinking water. This is primarily caused by iron, which is one of the minerals commonly found in hard water.

You don’t have to get your water from a well to have hard water. Community water in many municipalities is also hard enough to cause mineral stains and make showering unpleasant.

The solution is to install a water softener. Our experts explain what that is, what different types are available and what’s involved with installation and maintenance.

What Is a Water Softener?

A water softener is basically a filter, but unlike one that removes chlorine, pesticides and heavy metals, it’s designed to remove minerals like calcium, magnesium and iron from the water supply. A typical system consists of a cylindrical inflow tank ranging in diameter from eight to 14 inches and in height from 44 to 65 inches and a separate brine tank containing a solution of sodium chloride or potassium chloride.

“There are whole-house water softeners and under-counter water softeners,” advises South Carolina-based plumber Justin Cornforth. “I recommend opting for whole-house systems because they ensure that all appliances in your home and plumbing systems receive softened water.”

How Does a Water Softener Work?

Josh Rubin, a Certified Restorer from Phoenix, AZ, explains the operation of the salt-ion water softener: “It works by removing minerals, primarily calcium and magnesium, from hard water through a process called ion exchange. Put simply, that’s a way to remove and replace the minerals that cause hard water.”

A water softener tank contains a large quantity of resin beads, forming the bed through which water flows into the building. The beads are charged with sodium or potassium ions supplied from the brine tank, and as hard water passes through, the mineral ions are electrically attracted to the beads and displace the sodium or potassium ions, which take their place in the water. “In this process,” says Rudin, “salt is liberated into the water while calcium and magnesium are pulled out.”

The beads eventually become saturated, so the system has to complete a regeneration cycle every week or so. In this cycle, the brine solution is flushed through the tank to restore the salt ions and wash the accumulated minerals down the drain. Most systems do this automatically.

Types of Water Softener Systems

You can choose from one of three types of water-softening systems:

• Salt-based: This is the type described above. “They are the most common and effective type for significant hard water issues,” according to Asif Bux, a plumber from Calgary, Alberta.
• Salt-free: These systems, according to Russum, use potassium chloride instead of sodium, acting as water conditioners rather than removing minerals. “People concerned about sodium consumption may prefer these types of softeners,” he advises.
• Reverse osmosis: Cornforth explains, “Reverse osmosis water softeners are a good option for homes where you want to remove a wide range of contaminants such as PFAs, TDS, chlorine, heavy metals, VOCs, odors, rust, sediment and more.” They are generally point-of-use rather than whole-house systems.

Advantages of Having a Water Softener

All our experts agree with Russum, who says that soft water will positively affect your plumbing system. “It won’t leave mineral deposits in your pipes, and as a result, you can also save money on your energy bills because, with scale-free pipes, your water heater won’t have to work as hard.” Some other benefits include:

• Longer-lasting home appliances;
• Elimination of hard-to-clean minerals stains;
• Improved soap efficiency;
• Softer skin and hair.

Downsides of Having a Water Softener

Rudin and Bux point out that extra maintenance and installation costs are downsides to a water softener system. They also cite the potential dangers of elevated salt content in soft water for people with certain health issues and the negative environmental consequences of disposing of brine wastewater. It’s worth noting that you can mitigate these problems by choosing a system that uses potassium instead of sodium.

Russum also flags elevated salt content as a potential problem and adds two more: “The process used to soften water also makes it more volatile, which means it collects more unwanted elements from your pipes. These elements can include lead, making it potentially more dangerous. A water softener wastes up to 120 gallons of water for every 1,000 gallons, so you’ll notice a noticeable increase in your water bill.”

How to Choose a Water Softener

The two most important considerations in choosing a water softener system are the hardness level of your water and the amount of water you use. According to the Department of Energy, weekly grain capacities (number of grains the unit can handle before regeneration) of 16,000 to 32,000 are suitable for small houses, apartments and RVs, while medium to large households would need a grain capacity from 40,000 to 100,000. Many manufacturers and retail sites offer charts that allow you to choose the correct size based on your usage and the hardness of your water (which you can determine by sending a water sample to a lab for testing).

How To Install a Water Softener

A typical water softener consists of two tanks: the softener tank that contains the resin beads and the brine tank. Here’s a quick rundown of the installation process:

1. Install a bypass loop in the building’s water supply. One leg of the loop directs water into the tank, and the other one directs the outflow back into the water supply.
2. Connect the brine tank to the softener tank. You usually do this with plastic tubing that is supplied with the unit.
3. Install a drain pipe from the brine tank to the sewer. If it’s close enough, plumbers often make this connection at the washing machine standpipe.
4. Wire the controller that regulates automatic regeneration into the building’s electrical system. This often involves just plugging it into a standard receptacle.

How Much Does it Cost to Install a Water Softener System?

“The most basic, entry-level softening systems start around $500 for just the components themselves, not including installation,” says Rudin. “It’s possible you can get it done for less than this, but it would require massive deal hunting — and possibly a number of failed softening systems — before success.”

Bux and Cornforth put a high end on equipment costs between $2,500 and $3,000, and when you factor in labor, Russum warns the maximum cost can be as high as $11,000. However, Russum warns that it’s almost impossible to answer this question definitively.

Can You Install a Water Softener Yourself?

If you have the plumbing skills, you can probably install an under-counter water softener yourself, but trying to install a whole-house system is a different matter. “It’s not an easy task, and if you don’t know exactly what you are doing, it’s certainly possible to cause damage in the process of installation,” says Rudin. Russum adds that some regions may require a licensed plumber to perform the installation.

How Often to Add Salt to Your Water Softener

Some systems have low-salt indicators that alert you when it’s time to add salt. In the absence of an indicator, you need to check the salt yourself and add more when it falls below the required level. Bux recommends doing this every four to six weeks.

Should I Use Salt Pellets or Crystals?

Bux recommends pellets. They cost more than crystals, but they don’t have any additives, which means purer water overall. Moreover, they don’t dissolve as quickly, so they last longer in households with particularly hard water. However, check the requirements for your system before purchasing salt. Cornforth warns that using the wrong type of salt that can cause clogging and inefficient operation.

About the Experts

• Kelly Russum founded KC’s 23 ½ Hour Plumbing in 1978. He has been the go-to plumber for countless Coachella Valley residents ever since.
• Justin Cornforth is the owner of Ace Plumbing, Electric, Heating & Air, based in Anderson, SC. It’s a family-owned company founded in 2017.
• Josh Rudin is a Certified Restorer and the owner of ASAP Restoration, LLC, serving Phoenix, AZ and surrounding areas.
• Asif Bux is the owner and service manager of Comfort Union, a licensed HVAC, Plumbing and Electrical company located in Calgary, Alberta

Sources

• Energy.gov: Purchasing and Maintaining A Water Softener

The post How Does a Water Softener Work? All Your Questions, Answered appeared first on Family Handyman.

Those who are familiar with utility-task vehicles (UTV) know that Polaris is a trusted name in the industry. The company, which began making snowmobiles in the 1950s, designs and manufactures everything from motorcycles and pontoon boats to ATVs and side-by-side utility-task vehicles.

Their 2025 Ranger lineup includes customer-driven improvements like increased durability, better transmission and more included features like a 7-inch display console and built-in sound system from JBL (which is one of our favorite home speaker companies).

I got to try out the premium and ultimate versions of the 2025 Polaris NorthStar myself to get a feel for the performance and functionality of these home improvement powerhouses.

VIA MERCHANT

WE TRIED IT

Polaris Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar

Striking the perfect balance between comfort and performance, the 2025 Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar from Polaris is the ultimate maintenance tool for your property.

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What is the Polaris Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar?

Ranger is a brand of side-by-side off-road vehicles that look like a pick-up truck, but are closer to the size of a golf cart. They have power steering, gas and brake pedals, gear shift, and bench seating in the cab, a reinforced front bumper and grille, and a large truck bed that can be tilted up with a simple latch system.

The Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar is equipped with a closed cab that’s decked out with heating and air conditioning, a plethora of cup holders and storage, a console with GPS and trail maps, and built-in speakers that can connect to your phone. Paired with the 82-horsepower engine, 2,500 pound towing capacity and 1,000 pound carrying capacity, the Polaris NorthStar can be used to assist with lawn maintenance on large residential properties, daily chores on farms and ranches, and even getting docks and boats in and out of the water.

The powerful and thoughtful design of this revamped Ranger is something to behold. I found it to not only have the versatility and strength to tackle just about any outdoor chore, but it’ll also keep you comfortable while you do it.

Polaris Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar Product Features

Closed Cab

One of the best aspects of this UTV is the completely enclosed cab. Riding around in the NorthStar on a Texas ranch meant a lot, and I mean a lot, of kicked-up dirt, dust, mud and water, which would have been pretty miserable without the closed cab and filtered air system.

In addition to clean air, you can also adjust the Polaris NorthStar’s temperature with heating and air conditioning. The former was a lifesaver in the Texas heat and the latter will make early morning snow removal a much more enjoyable experience. If you want to appreciate some good weather or coordinate with someone outside the vehicle, you can always roll down the windows. The ultimate NorthStar has power windows while the premium has crank windows. For even more flexibility, the ultimate NorthStar has a tip-out windshield that’ll make you feel like you’re in an open cab.

I also really appreciate the thoughtfulness of the cab’s design. The bench seats and rear-hinged doors allow for easy in and out, which is really handy when working on a project. Plus, the LED headlights switch is conveniently located to the left of the steering wheel so you can quickly illuminate what you’re working on, even when you’re out of the UTV.

Included Tech

The ultimate edition of the Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar comes standard with some pretty cool electronics, the first being a 7-inch touchscreen display with Ride Command. This free program is an integrated GPS system where you can load existing trails, map new trails, view and communicate with other Polaris vehicles or snowmobiles, utilize a backup camera and, of course, see drive information like the speed, gas level and direction. To take things to the next level, you can add a Ride Command+ subscription that provides vehicle maintenance and diagnostic information so your ride stays in tip-top shape.

Also included with the ultimate edition is an all-new sound system backed up by JBL speakers. I can attest that these speakers sound great and are loud. You’ll have no trouble hearing the radio or streaming music while riding or working outside the UTV. You can connect your phone via Bluetooth to sync with Ride Command to listen to music and get texts and calls, or plug in your phone with the USB port when you’re low on battery.

Power and Durability

A big selling point for the 2025 Polaris Ranger line is the upgraded front end. The redesigned front bumper and grille are larger and more durable than previous iterations, for improved performance and appearance. Attached to the front end is a heavy-duty winch with a synthetic rope and auto-stop feature that will make light work of downed trees, loading items onto a trailer or pulling yourself or another vehicle out of a stuck spot.

With an 82-horsepower engine and new Gen 2 transmission, the Polaris Ranger XP 1000s shift easily between gears and can reach up to 60 miles per hour. When paired with the unit’s three throttle control modes (performance, standard, work) you can expect to power over rough terrain and steep slopes, and have more acceleration control.

The NorthStar ultimate and premium are now equipped with 29-inch wheels and four-wheel, two-wheel and one-wheel drive, the latter of which can be used to preserve wet grass or other fragile ground from being torn up while you work. The larger wheels and 14-inch ground clearance mean you can stay dry when driving through flooded fields or low waterways.

Versatility and Add-Ons

There are almost endless uses for the Polaris Ranger NorthStar. The large cargo box can hold up to a thousand pounds and has a simple lever latch that allows you to tip the box up. This is incredibly helpful when moving heavy rocks, transporting and laying mulch, or planting trees and other large plants around your property.

The cargo box also has corrugated sides and bed to securely hold storage containers and tool boxes or partition the bed into separate sections. Additionally, hitch a trailer to the back and use the 2,500 pound towing capacity to move heavy equipment, lawn tools, decking or even a light boat.

Like there are many ways to upgrade a utility trailer, there are a ton of add-ons and accessories available for the Ranger NorthStar line. From storage racks and bed extenders to hydraulic lifts, generators and covers, Polaris has all the gear you can imagine on their website. Two of my favorite add-ons are the snow plow and trash can hauler which turn cumbersome chores into a fun (and productive!) ride. If you’re not quite sure which accessories would work best for you, Polaris offers six packages that filter down common tools and add-ons for large properties, farm work, hunting, trail riding and winter prep.

How We Tested It

I got the chance to test out the Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar premium and ultimate vehicles at a ranch in Texas. I drove the premium NorthStar (the unit without a dash display and speakers) for about five hours and the ultimate (with those features) for about an hour and a half, mostly off-road. This included rocky ground, dusty trails, low waterways and up and down steep slopes. Here’s what I thought.

Ride Performance

Starting to ride this side-by-side couldn’t have been easier. After hopping into the UTV, I just turned the key, pushed the gear shift and started driving. I started off on a dusty dirt road, and can this thing move. Though the top speed is 60 miles per hour, even going half that made me feel like I was flying. This would be incredibly convenient for those with especially large properties to move around in a flash.

Once I switched over to off-trail riding, the strength of the Ranger NorthStar really shined. Despite being met with rocky earth that verged on boulders, the vehicle in four-wheel drive powered through without missing a beat. I was actually pretty impressed with how smooth the ride was, given the uneven terrain. Don’t get me wrong, there were certainly bumps, but I never felt jolted or overly jostled, likely because of the larger tires and dual a-arm suspension.

When I was met with steep up or downward slopes, I tried out the performance and work throttles. When engaged, these modes definitely gave the UTV more power and control when moving up and down steep hills. Rather than sliding down or back a big decline/incline, the Ranger gripped the road and moved evenly, even when moving slowly.

Speaking of grip, I also drove the side-by-side through a few flooded spots on the trail as well as a flooded road. Though the water was about a foot deep, the vehicle had no problem driving through the water. It should be noted that even with the large tires, high clearance and sealed suspension, if you drive through water higher than the clearance, you will get a bit of moisture in the floor of the cab. That’s fairly high, though, and I didn’t experience any water issues during my drive.

Something that I particularly enjoyed about riding these Rangers was the improved powered steering. The vehicle was incredibly easy to navigate, and even surprisingly nimble with a 160-inch turning radius. I could definitely see these side-by-sides being incredibly useful in cleaning up and maintaining a large home property.

Comfort

When it comes to creature comforts, it doesn’t get much better than the Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar. When I first saw the bench seats and small, glass-mounted headrests, I was a bit nervous about how my body would feel after a few hours of driving. My fears were unfounded though, and I was pleasantly surprised at how comfortable I was. If you’re planning on riding around all day, every day, I could see you wanting to add more lumbar support or an extra seat cushion (our favorite seat cushion is in this list of the best car accessories), but more casual users will be perfectly content with the bench alone. The steering wheel can be tilted front and back, so it can be adjusted for drivers of different heights and sizes.

One of the best parts of this vehicle is the closed cab and climate control. As I mentioned, I drove the side-by-side off-road in Texas, which meant very hot and dusty rides. The HVAC system kept about 99% of the debris out (I had just a touch of dirt around my sunglass line and in my nostrils after several hours of driving). The air conditioning was an actual lifesaver. Even though it was only mid-April, it was extremely hot and sunny out and the air conditioning in the cab worked quickly and consistently to keep me cool. I can only imagine how great the heating element would be in the winter months, especially if you have to do some early morning plowing.

For the time I was able to drive the ultimate model, I made full use of the JBL speaker system and display screen. Using Bluetooth, my iPhone connected with little effort and I cranked the tunes. My music could be easily heard over the rumble of the engine and clearly heard outside the cab when the doors were open. When it comes to the touchscreen display, my favorite part was seeing the other Rangers in my group driving the trail through Ride Command. If you have multiple Polaris vehicles on a farm or together for an off-roading trip, making sure everyone is accounted for is a huge safety plus.

For those who are only interested in owning one Ranger NorthStar, I understand going with the paired-down premium version, without the display and sound system. This was the model I drove the most and it was great. It’s certainly more utilitarian and cheaper (the premium Ranger NorthStar is five grand less than the ultimate) but I will say I did miss the additional tech of the ultimate after switching back to the premium. There’s just something about riding around with the music blasting!

Usability

The 2025 line has all the functionality and versatility of the Ranger’s previous iterations, plus a few bells and whistles. On the front of the side-by-side is a new front bumper and grille that will protect the front of the cab (and, well, you) from bumps and hits while driving as well as when pulling something on the winch. The winch itself is built into the UTV with a synthetic rope to resist fraying and a handy auto-stop that’ll keep the end of the rope from being rolled into the winch. Plus, the winch is remote-controlled, so you can pull or release items from a safe distance.

At the back of the Ranger, the bed can be titled up with a lever near the middle of the vehicle. I was surprised how easily the bed lifted once unlatched, thanks to the added hydraulics. This means moving and dumping rocks, dirt, feed or sand are much more manageable tasks than if you had a wheelbarrow alone. Also, if you add a winch to the top of the cab, you can pull large logs or game hands-free into the bed, which will totally save your back. Once tiled up, you can get a good look at the upgraded ProStar engine and can perform routine maintenance as needed.

As I mentioned before, the bed of the truck has grooves along the bottom and up the sides to more securely hold storage bins, tool boxes and coolers. You can also partition the bed with a couple of boards as dividers. Additionally, there are round and rectangular holes all along the top of the walls where you can install storage or tool racks, mounts, a bed extender or flag pole, the options are extensive. An example of how thoughtful the design of this side-by-side is the inclusion of four cupholder spots on the tailgate so you can keep your beverage close as you work outside the vehicle.

Pros

• Closed cab with effective air filtration and climate control
• Powerful engine with lots of control
• Smoother ride
• JBL sound system standard on ultimate
• Very versatile
• Display includes GPS, trails and tracking other Polaris products

Cons

• Expensive
• Might be overkill if you have a smaller property, or only casually hunt or trail ride
• Add-ons can be pricey, especially when purchasing multiple

FAQ

What’s the difference between a Polaris Ranger 1000 and a Polaris Ranger 1000 XP?

According to the Polaris website, the Ranger 1000 and Ranger 1000 XP are very similar, but the 1000 XP has a newer engine with more horsepower (82 hp vs. 61 hp) as well as better seats, suspension and ground clearance.

How fast does a Polaris Ranger XP 1000 go?

The Polaris Ranger XP 1000 has a top speed of 60 mph, so you can zip around a farm or large property (or between multiple properties) in a snap.

How much does a Polaris Ranger Northstar weigh?

The Polaris NorthStar is an estimated 1913 pounds with a payload capacity of 1275 pounds.

Are Polaris Rangers reliable?

Yes, Rangers are reliable, Polaris is one of the top brands in the UTV industry. In addition to the durability upgrades for the 2025 line, Polaris also offers 1-year limited and 1-year factory warranty for these vehicles. You can also purchase additional or extended coverage with the Polaris Protection Plan which covers mechanical and electric parts, repairs, trip protection and vehicle pickup.

Can-Am vs Polaris

The most similar product on the market to the Polaris NorthStar ultimate is the Defender Limited from Cam-Am. These UTVs are closed cabs that seat 3 with same horsepower, ground clearance, box capacity, towing capacity and wheel drive options, and both have a dump bed, rear camera, tilt windshield with wipers, LED headlights and lots of add-on options. The Defender and Ranger are also similar in overall size. The base Cam-Am Defender costs $29,899 and the base Polaris NorthStar ultimate is $32,999 (the premium version comes in at $27,999).

While both UTVs have a display screen, the Polaris NorthStar’s is much more sophisticated. For one, it’s a large touchscreen that can display GPS coordinates and directions, driving information and control the music. The Defender’s display, on the other hand, is a rectangle above the steering wheel that only displays driving information. Similarly, the Defender’s HVAC control is a single knob for the temperature and fan levels, whereas the NorthStar has separate knobs and a defrost switch.

The Defender does not come with a sound system standard, like the Ranger NorthStar ultimate does, but one can be added when building your vehicle for an additional $930-1,120.

If the upgraded tech isn’t enough to sway you to the Polaris NorthStar, I’d recommend testing each of these vehicles out for yourself at a local dealership. They are so close in specs and price, your personal ride experience and needs are even more important.

Final Verdict

If you have a large property or farm, multiple properties, trail ride, hunt or just work on a ton of outdoor chores, the Polaris 100 XP NorthStar ultimate or premium are definitely worth the high price tag. The vehicles are so versatile, especially with add-ons, and the closed cab and HVAC allow you to work all year round. Paired with the stellar tech and sound system of the ultimate edition, this is a top-tier tool.

Where to Buy the Polaris Ranger NorthStar

You can purchase the 2025 Polaris Ranger NorthStar ultimate and premium at a local dealership. You can also customize your UTV on the Polaris website and then be connected to dealer close to you to fulfill your order. RANGER add-ons, replacements, accessories and merch can be purchased on the Polaris store or Amazon storefront.

VIA MERCHANT

WE TRIED IT

Polaris Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar

Striking the perfect balance between comfort and performance, the 2025 Ranger XP 1000 NorthStar from Polaris is the ultimate maintenance tool for your property.

Shop on Amazon

Shop Vehicles on Polaris

Shop Accessories on Polaris

The post We Tested the 2025 Polaris Ranger Lineup and The NorthStar is Worth Every Penny appeared first on Family Handyman.

I recently opted for CPVC during a recent home project instead of copper, my traditional choice. CPVC was especially useful in tight spaces where soldering was difficult or dangerous, and it saved on project costs.

Read on to learn about the properties, uses and advantages of CPVC pipe with three licensed plumbers — Mitch Smedley from Smedley Plumbing, Claude Taylor from YouTube’s “How to Plumbing,” and David Carey from Worcester Technical High School.

What Is CPVC Pipe?

CVPC pipe is a hard, thermoplastic plumbing pipe. “CPVC piping is similar to PVC piping but also very different,” Smedley says. CPVC goes through an additional chlorinating process that increases its flexibility and working temperature range.

What Is CPVC Pipe Used For?

CPVC pipe is ideal for water supply lines. Taylor says it’s best “specifically hot water applications”  but it can also be used for drain lines.

CPVC pipe pros and cons

Pros:

• Easy to install: It’s easy to cut and assemble using glue to connect fittings. You get high-quality results without the copper soldering chore. “You do not need a flame, so it is safer,” Carey says.
• Durable: Harsh water won’t harm the material, unlike copper, which will erode from acidic water. “[It] will not rust out,” Carey says. CPVC pipe tubing and fittings are perfect for areas of the country with aggressive water that eats away at copper pipes.
• Heat and pressure-resistant: CPVC is capable of carrying 200-degree water at 100 psi (water in the average home is about 125 degrees at 50 psi).
• Inexpensive: CPVC costs .50 to $1 per sq. ft., making it one of the cheapest plumbing pipe options.

Cons:

• Needs more support: Because of its flexibility (which can be an asset), you’ll need to support it more often than copper or galvanized steel — every 32 to 36 inches.
• More brittle than metal pipes: CPVC is less tough than copper or galvanized steel. Take care not to strike it with a hammer, and be sure to use steel nail plates in wall framing if a nail or screw puncture is a possibility.
• Expands and contracts more than copper tubing: This is especially true in hot water lines. A 10-foot piece of tubing can grow in length by as much as 1/2 in.
• Requires slow-drying adhesive: “It takes eight hours for the glue to dry in some situations,” Carey says.

What’s the Difference Between CPVC and PVC Pipe?

There are several differences between CPVC and PVC pipes.

Applications

“PVC is only allowed to be used in drain, waste and vent plumbing applications,” Smedley says. It is not approved for use as a water supply line, whereas CPVC is primarily used in water delivery applications.

Heat tolerance

PVC starts to melt at 140 degrees Fahrenheit, while CPVC can tolerate hot water up to 200 degrees Fahrenheit.

Sizing

PVC and CPVC have different sizing measurements. “PVC will follow iron pipe sizing (IPS) whereas CPVC will follow Copper Tube Sizing (CTS),” Smedley says.

CVC or CPVC: Which Is Better?

It really depends on the application. “They both are great but for their own purposes,” Smedley says.

PVC is preferred for drain lines, as it is not as sensitive to certain chemicals as CPVC. CPVC is great for plumbing supply lines, especially hot water.

How To Tell if a Pipe Is PVC or CPVC

You can quickly distinguish between the light beige color of CPVC pipe and the bright white of PVC. If you’re unsure, look for the printing on the side of the pipe.

What Other Types of Pipes Are in Use Today?

There are a few other plumbing pipe options available.

PEX

Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) is a flexible plastic piping system used for cold and hot water supply lines. It is valued for being inexpensive, long-lasting and easy to install. It also requires fewer joints for a lower risk of leaks. However, PEX is not UV resistant and requires more support at fixtures due to its flexibility.

Copper

Copper plumbing pipes are long-lasting metal pipes that can withstand high temperatures. Copper pipes can be used for supply and drain lines.

However, it’s expensive, heavy and requires soldering for installation. “And if a copper water pipe freezes, the pipe will split,” Carey adds.

Polyethylene (PE)

PE is durable yet flexible plastic tubing typically used in cold water applications, such as supply lines, wells and irrigation systems. It is valued for its chemical resistance and ease of installation.

However, it cannot withstand high water temperatures.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can you connect PVC and CPVC pipe?

“Mixing CPVC and PVC is not recommended,” Taylor says, especially with glue. Each material has a corresponding glue that will not work well on the other type.

If you have to join the two, Smedley recommends using adapters. “[Glue] a male adapter on one and a female adapter on the other,” he says. “Then thread them together using Teflon tape or pipe joint compound.”

Which pipe best for plumbing?

Which pipe is better for plumbing really depends on a few factors.

If money is no object, and you value time-tested durability, copper pipe is your best choice. If you’re on a tight budget and don’t want to solder pipes, CPVC is your best option. Carey prefers to use PEX because it doesn’t rust or corrode, and “if PEX freezes, it will just expand and not split.” Weigh the pros and cons of each type to fit your unique situation.

What kind of pipe is the cheapest?

“PEX and CPVC are the cheapest,” Carey says, with CPVC slightly cheaper than PEX.

How long do PVC and CPVC pipes last?

Expect a lifespan of 50 to 70 years. “They each should last a very long time as long as they aren’t damaged from freezing or UV rays,” Smedley says.

About the Experts

• Claude Taylor is a Master Plumber in Texas with over 30 years of residential and commercial experience. He is also the host of “How to Plumbing” on YouTube with over 50K subscribers.
• David Carey is a Master Plumber in Massachusetts with over 30 years of plumbing experience. He is also Department Head of Worcester Technical School‘s plumbing program in Worcester, Massachusetts.
• Mitch Smedley is a Master Plumber and owner of Smedley Plumbing in Kansas City, Missouri. He has 15 years of industry experience and hosts a YouTube channel of plumbing information and how-to’s.

The post What Is CPVC Pipe? Here’s Everything to Know appeared first on Family Handyman.

This video shows how to stamp a paver pattern into poured concrete. The end result is a solid slab that looks like pavers with less labor and cost than a traditional installation. Learn all about this money-saving pavers hack and whether it’s a good fit for your project.

How This Stamped Concrete Paver Hack Works

@spectersworld HACKS TO HELP U SAVE MONEY IN CONSTRUCTION🤯. here is a trick on how you can save almost 30% on pavers and still archive the same look. use a metal frame with a design of your choice pour a concrete slab and press the frame onto the slab as it almost dries forming a pattern. #pavers #constructionhacks #designhacks #constructionlife #savemoney ♬ Paris – 3Hzwave

To do this hack, you’ll first want to get your hands on a concrete stamp. Concrete stamps come in various patterns, from a uniform paver pattern, the trellis pattern seen in the video or a more irregular stamp that mimics real flagstone. In addition to the stamp, you’ll need a shovel, hoe and wheelbarrow to mix the concrete, a hand or power compacter for the gravel base, and a circular saw, drill and hammer to build the forms.

Materials for this money-saving pavers hack will include 2x4s and wood screws for forms, and high-strength concrete mix and water for the concrete.

Once you have all the required materials, mix and pour concrete onto a compacted gravel base within wood forms. Wait until the concrete is almost dry, then press a stamp into the surface.

Will Using Concrete Actually Save You Money Over Pavers?

Yes, initially, using concrete rather than pavers can save you money since it will cost less to pour and stamp concrete than to install traditional pavers. However, whatever money you may save during initial installation can be lost over the years due to costly concrete repairs and a shorter life span.

Pavers may cost more, but they also last longer than concrete. You’re looking at 30 to 50 years for pavers, compared to 25 to 30 years for concrete. Concrete repair is also more costly than repairing pavers, usually requiring the help of a professional.

Also, if you opt to stain your stamped concrete, the color fades quickly and requires regular restaining.

Is This Hack Actually Easier Than Using Patio Pavers?

The answer to whether this concrete paver hack is actually easier than installing real pavers is yes and no.

The money-saving pavers hack is easier and faster than installing individual pavers. You’ll also be spared the task of pulling weeds between pavers. However, concrete is more challenging to repair and replace in the long term. Pavers perform better in freeze-thaw cycles, while concrete is more prone to cracking.

Repairing cracks in concrete is difficult and sometimes impossible. In stamped concrete, it can be hard to achieve a good-looking repair. In comparison, pavers are simple to remove and replace if necessary.

Adding to cost considerations, you’ll also need to replace concrete sooner than pavers.

The post This Patio Paver Hack Will Save Time, But Will It Save You Money? appeared first on Family Handyman.

Luckily, every year, Zonda releases its popular Cost vs. Value report. This report (also known as the CVV) takes a look at the most popular projects and compares their costs against the value they add to the home. The 2024 report leaned heavily toward exterior projects, opting for curb appeal value over energy efficiency or even adding to the home’s footprint.

Ahead, take a deep dive into the latest trends involving exterior projects and the value they add to homes.

Zonda Says Exterior Projects Win the Day

The latest Cost vs. Value report from Zonda shows exterior projects can yield the biggest return on investment (ROI). In fact, of the 23 top ROI projects listed by Zonda, nine were solely exterior projects (we didn’t include grand entrance renovations or window replacements in our count, both of which are on the list in various capacities).

These nine projects include garage door replacements, steel front door replacements, exterior stone veneer, siding replacements in vinyl and fiber cement, deck additions in composite and wood, and roofing replacements in shingles and standing seam. Their average return on investment? A whopping 107 percent (rounded up a couple of decimals).

That high ROI is a stark difference from the average of other projects on the list. The average ROI is around 55 percent for projects involving new windows, bathroom remodels of different grades, kitchen renovations of various quality and even HVAC conversions — and some of those projects had massive price tags.

Which Projects Offered the Most ROI?

Establishing your budget is an important part of planning any renovation. But, knowing how much a project might pay back in terms of the home’s resale value is an important factor to consider. Zonda’s report obviously showed that exterior projects offer the most ROI, but which projects offered the best return percentages? Hint: Lower-cost projects with major curb appeal upsides fared the best.

Overall, the project with the best ROI in 2024 was a garage door replacement. On average, this project cost around $4,513 and yielded an increase in value of $8,751 for a return percentage of 194 percent. In second place is a steel front door replacement, which cost an average of $2,355 and provided a value increase of $4,430 for an ROI of 188 percent.

The lowest return on the survey belonged to standing seam roofing replacement, which cost an average of $49,928, added $24,034, and provided a return of only 48 percent.

Here’s a full breakdown of the nine exterior projects in the top 23, their costs, their values, and the ROI they yield:

CVV 2023 vs. 2024: What’s Changed?

It’s not necessarily big news that exterior projects with major curb appeal impact would rank toward the top of the 2024 CVV report. Last year’s report highlighted these projects’ high values, as well. For instance, the second place spot on the old list went to garage doors, with a cost of $4,302 and added $4,418 in value, yielding an ROI percentage of 103 percent (rounded up). The third spot went to stone veneer, which cost $10,925, added $11,177 in value, and returned just slightly less at 102 percent.

The most surprising change was the top spot. In 2023, HVAC electrification conversions were No. 1, costing $17,747 and adding $18,366 in value for an ROI of 103.5 percent. This year, HVAC conversions fell to the #12 overall spot, yielding just 66% percent ROI.

Here’s where this year’s top 9 exterior projects stacked up:

What This Means for Pros in 2024

Truthfully, the Zonda CVV is one of the most valuable sales tools that the average professional can use. Armed with the information about the projects that provide the best return on investment, they can use the data to help close their sales. By comparing the customer’s return to their profit margins, contractors can choose which projects to specialize in, especially if those projects basically sell themselves.

Real estate agents will also start sharing this data with their clients. If you are a contractor, consider contacting real estate agents to build relationships and check with your suppliers to ensure they have a steady supply of materials for these popular projects in 2024.

The post Which Home Exterior Projects Have the Most Value in 2024? appeared first on Family Handyman.

“The first thing you want to do is inspect the stucco for any damage, or cracks,” Mardis says.

• Walk around your house and assess the stucco.
• Look for cracks, chips and flaking paint.
• Note any cracks you can fit a credit card into (about 1/8 inch or larger). You’ll fix these before painting.

Test for alkalinity

“This is for new stucco,” Mardis says. “If the stucco isn’t fully cured, it will leach out compounds that are too alkaline, and will burn through the paint.”

• Use a pH test kit, which can be a pencil, paper strips or liquid, to check the pH. These are available at paint, pool and home improvement stores.
• Apply the strips, pencil or liquid (called phenolphthalein) to the stucco according to the instructions that came with the kit.
• Rinse with distilled water (if indicated), and watch for a color change. Usually, this will be bright pink. No color change means the stucco is fully cured.
• Stop your project if the pH is too alkaline (high). Stucco may take 30 to 60 days to cure.

Pressure wash the stucco

• Rent a pressure washer from a home improvement center, if you don’t own one.
• Add a cleaning solution that’s safe for stucco.
• Stand about 3 feet away from your house. “The distance is by feel to a degree,” Mardis says. “3 feet away is good. You can damage a substrate by being too close.”
• Pressure wash the stucco to remove dirt and impurities. “3400 psi is adequate,” he adds. “Start at the top and work your way down.”
• “Allow the stucco to dry thoroughly before painting,” Mardis says. “This may take up to a full day.”

Scrape and repair

• Use a trowel to scrape away flaking paint and loose stucco that needs repair.
• Apply textured stucco patching compound to hairline cracks. “The same goes for larger chunks that may be missing,” Mardis says. “Follow the instructions on the patching kit.”
• Wipe excess patching compound off the stucco. Use a damp paintbrush to dab and feather the edges if needed, so they won’t be visible after painting.
• Allow the compound to cure according to the instructions before moving forward.

Apply primer, if needed

• Prime new stucco before painting. Fresh stucco soaks up a lot of paint.
• Choose an acrylic primer that is appropriate for masonry applications.
• Use a heavy nap roller, 3/4 inch to 1 inch.
• Work from top to bottom, then side to side, to get full coverage.
• Allow to dry according to primer instructions before painting.

Apply paint

• Cut in around windows and doors with a small roller or paintbrush.
  • Use painter’s tape to get a clean line, if helpful.
• Apply acrylic latex paint. “Use a heavy nap roller, 3/4 inch to 1 inch, to paint stucco, so you get inside all the nooks and crannies,” Mardis says.
• Start by painting top to bottom, then go from side to side. “Apply the paint in multiple directions to get in all the areas of the stucco,” Mardis says.
• Work in small sections so you maintain a wet edge.
• Apply a second coat on rougher stucco, if needed, or use a paint sprayer.

Maintain the stucco

• Inspect your stucco once a year to check for cracks.
• Direct sprinklers away from stucco to avoid water staining or intrusion.
• Clean stucco once a year, or as needed, with a garden hose or low-pressure washing.

About the Expert

Kelly Mardis is the owner of Marcel Painting in Tempe, Arizona. Mardis first started painting in the Navy, and after his service, continued the trade as a professional painter. Marcel Painting specializes in residential and commercial interior and exterior painting throughout the greater Phoenix area.

The post How To Paint Stucco appeared first on Family Handyman.